This guide offers educators, program managers, administrators, and researchers a resource for building capacity for monitoring program outcomes. It provides concise definitions of program monitoring components and a framework for assessing program progress. Examples demonstrate the relationships among program components: outcomes, indicators, measures (including benchmarks and baselines), and targets. Policymakers and practitioners can use the framework to better monitor and evaluate programs and thus to make better data-informed decisions. (Contains 1 figure and 3 notes.)