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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Showing all 7 results
A Spectrographically Grounded Scale for Evaluating Reading Expressiveness
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Benjamin, Rebekah George; Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Meisinger, Elizabeth B.; Groff, Carolyn; Kuhn, Melanie R.; Steiner, Lilly – Reading Research Quarterly, 2013
This study evaluated the validity of a new scale for assessing children's reading fluency skill called the Comprehensive Oral Reading Fluency Scale (CORFS). The CORFS consists of two subscales that capture key elements of the Kuhn, Schwanenflugel, and Meisinger (2010) definition of reading fluency: reading expression, reading rate, and accuracy.…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Children, Measures (Individuals), Rating Scales
Aligning Theory and Assessment of Reading Fluency: Automaticity, Prosody, and Definitions of Fluency
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Kuhn, Melanie R.; Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Meisinger, Elizabeth B. – Reading Research Quarterly, 2010
Over the past decade, fluent reading has come to be seen as a central component of skilled reading and a driving force in the literacy curriculum. However, much of this focus has centered on a relatively narrow definition of reading fluency, one that emphasizes automatic word recognition. This article attempts to expand this understanding by…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Definitions, Word Recognition, Suprasegmentals
Text Complexity and Oral Reading Prosody in Young Readers
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Benjamin, Rebekah George; Schwanenflugel, Paula J. – Reading Research Quarterly, 2010
The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of text difficulty on the oral reading prosody of young children. Fluency in reading is ideally determined by measuring rate, accuracy, and prosodic qualities in the oral reading of children. Spectrographic measurements of four prosodic variables--sentence-final F[subscript 0] change, intonation…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Intonation, Reading Fluency, Difficulty Level
Becoming a Fluent and Automatic Reader in the Early Elementary School Years
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Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Meisinger, Elizabeth B.; Wisenbaker, Joseph M.; Kuhn, Melanie R.; Strauss, Gregory P.; Morris, Robin D. – Reading Research Quarterly, 2006
The goals of this study were to (a) develop an empirically based model regarding the development of fluent and automatic reading in the early elementary school years and (b) determine whether fluent text-reading skills provided benefits for reading comprehension beyond those accounted for by fluent word decoding. First-, second-, and third-grade…
Descriptors: Reading Ability, Reading Fluency, Elementary Education, Reading Skills
Context Availability and the Processing of Abstract and Concrete Words in Sentences.
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Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Stowe, Randall W. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1989
Investigates the influence of sentence context on the processing of concrete and abstract words. Results indicate that abstract words take longer than concrete to comprehend and to judge their meaningfulness when they occur in a neutral context. Concludes that this evidence supports the context availability model. (RS)
Descriptors: Context Clues, Context Effect, Higher Education, Models
The Influence of Paragraph Information on the Processing of Upcoming Words.
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Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; White, Calvin R. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1991
Examines three experiments about how readers combine immediate sentence context with information presented earlier in a paragraph in processing words in text. Finds that discourse information operates interactively with local context to affect readers' expectations for and processing of upcoming words. (MG)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Paragraphs, Reading Processes, Reading Research
Developmental Trends in Lexical Decisions for Abstract and Concrete Words.
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Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Akin, Carolyn E. – Reading Research Quarterly, 1994
Investigates the influence of word meaning on lexical processing in children and adults. Examines developmental trends in lexical decisions for abstract and concrete words. Concludes that word meaning influences lexical processing in children but that there is a developmental shift in the kinds of semantic characteristics that are available for…
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Processes, Elementary Education, Language Research