Ensuring the success of P-12 public education is a moral imperative. Failure to produce students that are able to compete globally has serious implications to the success of America's economy. In addition, failing to address the academic needs of all students accelerates the achievement gap and leaves out groups of children that need help the most. The ability to establish and maintain effective leadership at the district level that supports principals to ensure positive outcomes and gains for all students, but especially those from low income and minority backgrounds is essential to school reform. This study sought to identify attributes necessary to effectively create wide school and district reform through the work of associate superintendents in one high poverty school system. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]