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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

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Winter, Paul A.; Rinehart, James S.; Keedy, John L.; Bjork, Lars G. – Planning and Changing, 2007
The purpose of this study was to assess a statewide cadre of public school principals in terms of their attraction to the job of district superintendent. Two assumptions underlying the investigation were that (1) participant self-reported capability to become a superintendent impacts participant attraction to the job, and (2) participant…
Descriptors: Measurement, Participant Satisfaction, Public Schools, Principals
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
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Keedy, John L.; McDonald, Deborah H. – Planning and Changing, 2007
Across the United States the state education agency (SEA) is a "sleeping giant" with untapped potential to build instructional capacity in the nation's 110,000 public schools. The SEA is positioned to build the system-wide synergy requisite to achieve the unprecedented school-level student outcomes mandated by the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act.…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Educational Change, State Departments of Education, Politics of Education
Winter, Paul A.; Rinehart, James S.; Keedy, John L.; Bjork, Lars G. – Planning and Changing, 2004
An essential administrative responsibility accorded to state and district-level education leaders is the task of planning for staffing needs, including the recruitment of competent leaders to fill principal vacancies. Here, Winter et al develop empirical measures to allow state departments of education and school districts to assess their…
Descriptors: State Departments of Education, Recruitment, Job Applicants, Principals
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Keedy, John L. – Planning and Changing, 1990
Organizational change will be a major theme of the school reform movement. Despite restructuring efforts, schools are still operated on the factory system model. Using the social norms concept, this paper examines schools as informal organizations and advocates staff development as an essential key for changing informal relationships (roles)…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Expectation, Informal Organization, Norms