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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

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Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Ashbaugh, Carl R.; Kasten, Katherine Lewellan – Planning and Changing, 1984
Interviews with 19 elementary and secondary school principals provided information about the principals' most difficult administrative decisions. Analysis of the factors affecting their decisions revealed three types of values underlying the decisions--personalistic, organizational, and transcendant--with distinctly different potentials for…
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Administrator Characteristics, Administrators, Decision Making
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Ashbaugh, Carl R.; Kasten, Katherine L. – Planning and Changing, 1986
Although superintendents reflect their districts' value systems, very little attention is paid to values in administrative preparation programs. This study uses relatively routine external and internal conflicts in school districts as a means to explore superintendents' value orientations. Most prefer action and are aware of their personal values.…
Descriptors: Administrator Education, Conflict Resolution, Decision Making, Elementary Secondary Education
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Ashbaugh, Carl R. – Planning and Changing, 1982
Reviews the literature concerning teacher job satisfaction, especially that relevant to the reduction of worker discontent. (Author/JM)
Descriptors: Administrator Role, Compensation (Remuneration), Elementary Secondary Education, Job Satisfaction