Concept maps are an instructional strategy that promotes meaningful learning. This chapter examines the use of concept maps in online environments through discussion of CmapTools software. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)

The urban context generates a barrage of disorienting dilemmas for urban learners, thereby complicating and challenging the promotion of transformative learning. (Contains 1 table.)

Three considerations for developing learner-centered approaches to professional development of adult educators are learning orientations, teaching orientations, and career stages. Strategies include examining one's own teaching and learning beliefs, analyzing learners' career stages, and supporting knowledge construction and meaning making.…

Four elements of the context of professional practice influence continuing professional education: professional allegiance, nature of professional work, narratives in organizational culture, and level of independence and autonomy. Individual agency and positionality (sociocultural background) should also be considered. (Contains 14 references.)…

An expanded model of learning upon which to base continuing professional education views knowledge as the social construction of information through constructivist and transformative learning. The model also depicts the effect of context on the process. Providers must change their mindset and become active facilitators of knowledge construction.…

The vision of continuing professional education should be reframed to place development of expertise and improvement of professional practice at the core. Providers would offer market-driven services that include education, evaluation, and consultation. (SK)