There is an incongruence of the achievement orientation, on the one hand, and the culture of Black people, on the other. The dichotomy is essentially between the requirements of achievement, which stress individual effort, and features of Black culture, which stress corporate initiative and effort. (Author/EB)

The study presented in this article sought to determine if more positive art attitudes, more art knowledge, and higher standards of aesthetic preference might ensue from Blacks studying art examples created by Black artists, rather than those created by White artists. Results confirm the effectiveness of Black exemplars for Blacks' art…

The results of this study support the proposition that Black and White students do not differ in their attitudes toward their training program. Both groups of student teachers felt there were no significant differences in the way their program prepared them for a teaching career. (Author/WI)

In this paper, the effectiveness of a project to reform Northwestern Junior High School in Jacksonville, Florida, is described with reference to improved scores on standardized tests, less teacher absenteeism, and the change strategies which effected these improvements. (WI)

In this paper, the issues of desegregation, basic skills, achievement criteria, and school finance are discussed in the context of improving urban education. (WI)

In this paper the case of Andrews vs Drew, Mississippi School District et al. is discussed in terms of the decision that women may be employed as school teachers in spite of the fact that they are unwed mothers. Implications for women's rights in general are examined. (WI)

Since standardized tests are constructed for the purpose of measuring the intellectual capacity of school children from the diverse sociocultural backgrounds in America, one of the main topics of this article concerns the standardization bias inherent in these tests. (Author/AM)

Suggests that educational testing is not only big business in this country, it is also a big game. The "Testing Game", as it is called, refers to an ongoing series of transitions which progress to well-defined, predictable outcomes. (Author/AM)

This study was conducted to determine the effects of a test containing items closely related to the black experience on the performance of white subjects and to determine whether cultural bias could be successfully built into a test that discriminates against white persons. (Author/AM)

Notes that there is no pedagogical or psychological research or evaluation to date to justify the use of norm-referenced standardized tests as precision tools. At best, they are experimental instruments, yet they are used as if they are already proven to be valid. (Author/AM)

Five guidelines to be used when testing black students are: (1) know the goals of testing, (2) select appropriate tests, (3) gain competency in test administration and interpretation, (4) be aware of contextual and situational factors in learning, and (5) evaluate non-test variables. (Author/AM)

The model proposed views the assessment of human functioning as a multi-dimensional process, thus requiring that assessment use several data collection procedures. (Author/AM)

This article lists a series of ten defects that account for most of the inaccuracies in achievement tests. (Author/AM)

Possibly the major conclusion which could be drawn from this study is that for black college students attendance at a predominantly white university and political and racial alienation are directly related. (Author)

Notes that among the most hopeful developments for school desegregation are the three plans proposed and approved by the Chicago Superintendent of Schools and the Board of Education: a faculty integration plan, a student permission transfer plan, and a developing plan for a City-Wide Advisory Committee on School Desegregation. (Author/AM)