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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Showing all 6 results
Reading Visual Representations
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Rubenstein, Rheta N.; Thompson, Denisse R. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2012
Mathematics is rich in visual representations. Such visual representations are the means by which mathematical patterns "are recorded and analyzed." With respect to "vocabulary" and "symbols," numerous educators have focused on issues inherent in the language of mathematics that influence students' success with mathematics communication.…
Descriptors: Student Attitudes, Symbols (Mathematics), Mathematics Instruction, Visual Stimuli
Multiplication Fact Fluency Using Doubles
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Flowers, Judith M.; Rubenstein, Rheta N. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2010
Not knowing multiplication facts creates a gap in a student's mathematics development and undermines confidence and disposition toward further mathematical learning. Learning multiplication facts is a first step in proportional reasoning, "the capstone of elementary arithmetic and the gateway to higher mathematics" (NRC 2001, p. 242). Proportional…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Special Education, Parents, Teachers
Focused Strategies for Middle-Grades Mathematics Vocabulary Development
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Rubenstein, Rheta N. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2007
Learning mathematics vocabulary and using it fluently is one aspect of mathematical communication. This article identifies several challenges that students face in learning mathematics language and provides specific strategies to address each type of difficulty.
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Mathematics Instruction, Middle Schools, Teaching Methods
Building Explicit and Recursive Forms of Patterns with the Function Game.
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Rubenstein, Rheta N. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2002
Describes how students can be guided to find an explicit rule for a pattern from a recursive rule. (YDS)
Descriptors: Algebra, Educational Strategies, Functions (Mathematics), Mathematics Instruction
Word Origins: Building Communication Connections.
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Rubenstein, Rheta N. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2000
Proposes examining word origins as a teaching strategy for helping middle school students speak the language of mathematics as well as promote students' general vocabulary development. Includes roots, meanings, related words, and notes for middle school mathematics vocabulary. (KHR)
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Curriculum Development, Interdisciplinary Approach, Mathematical Vocabulary
The Function Game.
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Rubenstein, Rheta N. – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 1996
Describes the function game, or input-output game, and its benefits. One person is the computer and thinks of a rule. Classmates give input values and the computer gives the corresponding output. The object is to guess the rule. Benefits include the use of mental mathematics, problem solving, communication opportunities, and fostering key ideas,…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Computer Science Education, Cooperative Learning, Educational Games