The burgeoning literatures on students' metacognitive judgments, self-regulation, self-efficacy beliefs, strategic processing, and conceptual change have focused new attention on the nature and measurement of calibration. Calibration, the distance between perceived and demonstrated levels of understanding, capability, competence, or preparedness,…

In this study, everyday conceptions of knowledge, information, and truth were investigated as 161 US undergraduates completed three online tasks that investigated understandings of these foundational constructs. For the first task, respondents graphically represented the interrelations of knowledge, information, and truth; the second task required…

This commentary to the special issue on teacher motivation began by considering certain educational truisms that were reinforced by the findings of the contributed articles. For instance, contributing authors strengthened commonly held perceptions that teaching is a challenging profession and that those challenges are both internal and external in…

This study investigated conceptions of knowledge and beliefs among 242 Italian and 231 American college students. Perceptions of the nature and interrelation of knowledge and beliefs, and prevalent characterizations and sources of these two constructs were explored by qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Differences emerged between Italian…

The conception of knowledge was studied for 213 14- and 15-year-old students in Singapore and their 37 teachers and 96 students in the United States, with their 10 teachers. Cultural differences, including those in epistemological frameworks, are discussed, and their implications for education considered. (SLD)