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ERIC Number: EJ931858
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2010-Nov
Pages: 15
Abstractor: As Provided
Reference Count: 84
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0278-7393
Hindsight [equal or not equal] Hindsight: Experimentally Induced Dissociations between Hindsight Components
Nestler, Steffen; Blank, Hartmut; Egloff, Boris
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, v36 n6 p1399-1413 Nov 2010
Hindsight bias has recently been conceived of not as a unitary phenomenon but as a conglomerate of 3 separate phenomenological manifestations ("hindsight components"; Blank, Nestler, von Collani, & Fischer, 2008): memory distortions, impressions of foreseeability, and impressions of inevitability. These components are thought to be fundamentally different in nature, to be influenced by different processes, and to serve different functions. This article provides strong evidence for the separate components view and its underlying assumptions by demonstrating theoretically predicted dissociations between the components. In Experiment 1, for example, we used a memory encoding manipulation to specifically influence the amount of hindsight memory distortion but not participants' inevitability impressions. Conversely, varying the number of provided reasons for an event outcome affected inevitability impressions but left memory distortion untouched. Similar results--using different theoretically derived manipulations--were obtained between foreseeability impressions and memory distortions (Experiment 2) and between inevitability and foreseeability impressions (Experiment 3). Theoretical and practical consequences of these results and of the separate components view are discussed. (Contains 1 table, 2 figures and 8 footnotes.)
American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org/publications
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: N/A