Eleven medical students were followed through their first two years of medical school. Career development indices (career planning, exploration, decision making, occupational information) accounted for significant amounts of variance in the prediction of success beyond that of academic indices (grade point average, test scores). (SK)

A longitudinal study of 615 Fortune 500 managers showed that, by 1991, 26% of female mangers had left their 1989 employer compared to 14% of males. Females' intention to leave was influenced by perceived lack of opportunity and other work-related predictors of turnover, not by family factors. (SK)

This review of research from 1991-96 on fair employment concerns highlights critical issues: interpretation of group differences in cognitive ability, effect of these differences on personnel decisions, and the efficacy of affirmative action. (118 references) (SK)

A literature review examined research from 1990-96 on the relationship between social class and work behavior (vocational training, entry and exit from work) and retirement behavior. Findings could shape a psychological conception of social class and how it influences one's perception of oneself and the world. (95 references) (SK)

This literature review of 1991-95 occupational health research is classified by key constructs: environmental characteristics, individual characteristics, cognitive appraisal, coping, and health outcomes. Research problems are identified: 77% of studies use a cross-sectional design, 59% use shortened ad hoc scales, and 68% use self-report for both…

A survey of 42 nontraditional adult students in evening/weekend classes showed that employed adults in the process of career change move toward greater congruence. Job satisfaction was significantly correlated with congruence. (SK)

Examines concepts and types of organizational commitment and factors common to all commitments. Conceives of commitment as a single, fundamental construct that varies in focus, terms, and time-specific evaluation. (SK)

A literature review evaluated the construct validity of the Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment Scales, which were strongly supported for use in research. The review identified empirical questions still needing resolution. (73 references) (SK)

Path analysis of data from 101 students before college and after declaring majors demonstrated the importance of math self-efficacy beliefs and vocational interests in predicting math/science majors. The more extroverted and those with artistic interests were less likely to major in math/science. Aspirations had solidified before college,…

One study tested two- through five-factor models of math self-efficacy sources with 295 college students, supporting a four-factor structure (performance, vicarious learning, social persuasion, emotional arousal). In a second study of 481 high school students, data fit a five-factor model (performance, adult modeling, peer modeling, social…

A study of 254 managers showed that having a mentor was associated with positive job experience and perception of alternative opportunities. Women without mentors had negative perceptions of career mobility expectations. Men without mentors had reduced expectations for advancement and less satisfaction in the current work environment. (SK)

A study of 671 managers over seven years indicated that those with frequent lateral moves had significant salary increases. Frequent lateral moves had a negative impact on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. (SK)

A sample of 266 undergraduates expressed preferences among 229 occupations. Responses supported inclusion of a prestige component to vocational interest measures. Twenty-four subscales were created for geometrically defined combinations of interest components. Test of this spherical model with 223 college and 370 high school students supported…

Comments on the preceding article include "Slicing the Vocational Interest Pie One More Time" (Borgen, Donnay); "Lost in Space" (Harmon); "Alternative Dimensions of the Tracey-Rounds Interest Sphere" (Prediger); "Prestige in Vocational Interests" (Gottfredson); "What Goes around, Comes around" (Hansen); "Circles and Squares, Spheres and Cubes"…

Bolivian college students (n=98) completed the Spanish version of the Self-Directed Search. Three structural models of interests (Holland's, Gati's, and Rounds and Tracey's) were fit to correlations among scales. Results indicate poor model fit, suggesting that none of the models adequately characterize the interests of Bolivian students and…