Review of research on adolescent employment found the following: (1) employment patterns were relatively unchanged in 40 years; (2) emerging literature challenges the assumption that "floundering" is necessarily bad; and (3) increasing amounts of work negatively affect school performance. Methodological issues include selection bias, sampling…

Strong Interest Inventory responses from 16,484 people aged 18-22 were analyzed using differential item functioning (DIF). Sex-related differences were found on 28 occupational title items. Sex-related DIF was strongly correlated with sex-type ratings for occupations. (SK)

A study of 239 college freshmen found that those who perceived themselves as effective, competent, and in control of their leisure time had a clearer picture of occupational goals, interests, and talents. Those more committed to their leisure role displayed greater competence in career decision making and exploration. (SK)

Structural equation modeling was used to test the discriminant validity of three cognitions--thinking of quitting, intent to search, and intent to leave--in 242 sales workers. Results demonstrating a different relationship among the three cognitions were used to revise a 1977 model. (SK)

Analysis of results of the Skills Confidence Inventory completed by 1147 employed adults and 706 college students revealed minimal gender differences in self-efficacy within 21 occupations and 6 Holland job families. (SK)

Career interventions should take account of the feelings and emotions underlying career transitions. Attending to the emotional dimensions of career counseling practice highlights some of the challenging political issues in organizations. (SK)

Career research in South Africa 1980 to 1997 focuses on Holland's and Super's theories, the constructs of career maturity and life roles, career counseling and education, and career assessment. A unifying framework could be the concept of indigenous psychologies: emphasizing people's understanding of themselves and the world. (SK)

Having experienced traditional Japanese employment system, older Japanese adults are affected by workplace and socioeconomic changes. Two recent surveys of workers nearing retirement showed high work salience and considerable anxiety about retirement. (SK)

Social and political climate in Portugal including workplace change and the focus on lifelong education must be considered for holistic career counseling. The primary goal should be enabling fully empowered citizens to make life decisions. (SK)

This review of vocational psychology research in Singapore, 1985 to 1997, addresses career development, interests, sex stereotypes, work values, job satisfaction, and home/family influence. The review shows an increase in research on school-aged populations and a need to study the vocational behavior of the work force. (SK)

Defines career-related aspects as all relevant variables of individuals and their career options. Describes this approach to person-environment fit and career decision making through research using it in Israel. (SK)

Careers of office technologists and machine operators (n=1,205) in Flanders, England, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, and Spain were followed for three years after entry. The cultural dependence of practice career planning, skill development, consultation, and networking was demonstrated. Effects of practice behaviors differed by occupational group.…

Australian professional women (n=414) identified their career stage concerns. Satisfaction with pay and job involvement was lowest in the exploration stage; in establishment stage, they were more satisfied with pay, less willing to relocate. In maintenance stage, professional commitment and career involvement increased. (SK)

Three sets of data collected from Australian Year 12 students making tertiary education decisions showed considerable indecision in the first wave; in the second wave, the influence of the university-admissions handbook inhibited choice of technical education. The uniquely Australian university admission system and the pressures of Year 12 limit…

Ethnic identity and vocational maturity were assessed in four cohorts of 466 majority and 175 minority high school students in Quebec. Results show minorities increased in ethnic identity over time and matured significantly earlier than majority students, but fell somewhat behind in vocational maturity by the 11th grade. (SK)