This study provides the first comprehensive review of literature examining proactive personality. The authors use career success as a broad organizing framework, meta-analyzing 313 correlations from 107 studies. Results indicate proactive personality is positively related to objective and subjective career success. Further, results indicate…

Research regarding mentoring relationships has flourished during the past 20 years. This article reviews the methodology and content of 200 published mentoring articles. Some of the major concerns raised in this review include over reliance on cross-sectional designs and self-report data, a failure to differentiate between different forms of…

The current article provides an extension of the conceptual literature on the school-to-work transition (STWT). Specifically, we attempt to integrate this diverse literature by proposing a role identity approach to studying STWTs. Here, we suggest that an individual's work role identity plays three roles in understanding the outcomes of STWTs: as…

In this paper, we present a critical examination of the literature on subjective person-organization (P-O) fit and highlight several conceptual and measurement issues that may be perpetuating confusion in this literature. Specifically, we reviewed 46 empirical studies that have measured P-O fit perceptions and identified three primary sources of…

This monograph reviews 190 work-family studies published in IO/OB journals from 1980 to 2002. The results of a content analysis are presented which catalog these articles with respect to the study focus, nature and direction of the proposed effects, and predictor, criterion, and mediator variables examined. Then a narrative review of the articles…

Meta analysis of 21 studies investigated type of person-environment fit measure, method of calculating fit, fit dimensions, and use of established measures. Subjective fit measures, use of correlations to calculate fit, value congruence as the fit dimensions, and use of an established measure increased effect sizes. (Contains 64 references.) (SK)

A meta-analysis of 57 studies comparing career interventions and outcomes found those that did not involve a counselor were less effective; workshops, structured groups, and career computer systems supplemented by counseling produced better outcomes. Many studies made comparisons among counselor-free interventions but did not find any significant…

Calculations of average effect sizes were made for studies using none, one, or combinations of five critical career intervention ingredients: computer-assisted guidance, cognitive restructuring, vocational exploration, reading, and performance accomplishments. Analyses supported their importance and tested 16 hypotheses, identifying ways to…

Outlines areas for career counseling process research: examining the working alliance; reconceptualizing career counseling as learning; investigating process/outcome differences due to client and counselor attributes; examining influential session events; using a common problem resolution metric; examining change longitudinally; examining…

A literature review explored issues of mentoring in a computer-mediated context: the effect on mentor roles, influence of type of mentoring, challenges (miscommunication, technical difficulties, privacy), and opportunities (access to mentors, reduced costs, status equality). Areas for research and a typology of computer-mediated mentoring were…

A literature review examined the effectiveness of electronic learning in business and academic settings, finding positive anecdotal reports about trainee reactions, learning outcomes, and organizational results, but limited empirical evidence. More research on distance learning's effect on job and career development is needed. (Contains 47…

Compares life-span approaches (function and variable centered) and life-course approaches (person centered and holistic) in the study of career development. Advocates their integration in developmental theory and research. (Contains 69 references.) (SK)

Five proposals are made for incorporating a work-play perspective in career development research: (1) fuse work and play conceptually over the life course; (2) imbue developmental career theory with a work-play fusion; (3) study work and play across the life span; (4) investigate work and play within the life space; and (5) consider a work-play…

Compares the simultaneous emergence of Mayo's nonauthoritarian interviewing approach and Rogers' nondirective counseling approach. Examines the influence of Piaget on Mayo and reviews the Hawthorne studies. Concludes that differences in the approaches outweigh similarities. (Contains 21 references.) (SK)

Reviews six studies that examined properties of the Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile: (1) replication demonstrating the multidimensionality of the work ethic construct; (2) initial psychometric evaluation; (3) relationship among subscales and with measures of cognitive ability and personality; (4) generalizability between student and nonstudent…