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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Showing all 10 results
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1974
The author defines protocol materials, discusses their development, then examines how the initiation of U.S. Office of Education (USOE) support modified the original definition. (The USOE Master Coordinate System is included as an appendix.) (JA)
Descriptors: Definitions, History, Program Development, Protocol Materials
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R.; And Others – Journal of Teacher Education, 1979
A research review conducted by the Florida Department of Education in 1974 provides the basis for a suggested model for research in the area of in-service teacher education. The model deals with four classes of variables--presage, context, process, and product. (JMF)
Descriptors: Inservice Teacher Education, Models, Research Methodology, Research Projects
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1976
The studies discussed investigate the concept of teacher effectiveness and attempt to determine whether different educational treatments have had different effects on student improvement. (MM)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Classroom Observation Techniques, Educational Research, Student Improvement
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R.; Armaline, William D. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1986
The authors trace the origins of field experiences, present a taxonomy for use in thinking about them, and discuss selected issues and problems associated with field teaching experiences. Eight recommendations for improving how field experience programs are structured and how they fit into teacher education are made. (MT)
Descriptors: Classification, Field Experience Programs, Higher Education, Preservice Teacher Education
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1985
Selected findings from research on teacher clarity are highlighted. Implications are projected for teacher education programming and for faculty instructional practices. Issues needing further research are identified. (Author/CB)
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Communication Skills, Higher Education, Research Needs
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R.; Cruz, Josue, Jr. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1989
A content analysis of Teacher Education Reports over a 32-month period is the basis for this report which identifies issues, problems, and proposals that have had or will have significant impact on teacher preparation practices. Three megatrends and 12 related subtrends are described. (IAH)
Descriptors: Content Analysis, Educational Change, Educational Trends, Higher Education
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1984
The absence of a model to guide systematic inquiry in teacher education prevents sustained study in the field. An outline of an inquiry model and its component parts are described. (DF)
Descriptors: Higher Education, Inquiry, Models, Outcomes of Education
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1972
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Program Evaluation, Protocol Materials, Teacher Education
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Cruickshank, Donald R. – Journal of Teacher Education, 1971
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational Research, Elementary School Teachers, Teacher Education
Cruickshank, Donald R.; And Others – British Journal of Teacher Education, 1979
Three studies attempting to define teacher clarity are described. In each case students are asked to rate teacher behaviors in terms of clear or unclear behaviors. The results of each study indicate categories of characteristics of teacher clarity. (JMF)
Descriptors: Student Evaluation of Teacher Performance, Teacher Behavior, Teacher Characteristics, Teacher Clarity