Cultural and linguistic diversity has changed the social fabric of today's schools. Currently, there is a wider variety of cultural, language, and family backgrounds than ever before. As a result of the increasing numbers of language minority students with unique educational and social needs, some studies suggest that principals need specialized…

Examines recommendations of "expert" Southern California principals for modifying administrator-preparation programs based on interactions existing among changing social demographics, effects on schools, and effects on administrators. University-based training programs should play a critical role in equipping aspiring administrators with necessary…

Discusses a study that examined how a stratified random sample of California school administrators characterized their use of behavior strategies. Uses a four-approach framework and nine specific managerial functions to extract a total of 36 possible sets of behavior strategies. Principals perceived the human-resource approach as most extensively…

Uses a large random sample of California principals to determine the relationship of certain personal and organizational variables and principals' perceived use of four organizational leadership approaches. Explores the relationship between using these approaches and student outcomes. The political leadership approach strongly predicted schools'…