Examines how apology speech act strategies frequently used in daily life are transferred in the framework of interlanguage pragmatics and sociolinguistics and how they are influenced by sociolinguistic variations such as social status, social distance, severity of offense, and formal or private relationships. (Author/VWL)

Focuses on two unrelated matters that are central to the study of how language acquisition works: (1) the role of input in the acquisition of a first language, particularly how children are able to avoid the potentially damaging effects of misleading feedback; and (2) the role of a particular aspect of cognition in second language learning, namely…

Analyzed the sixth and seventh national curricula of Korea and middle school English textbooks that were adopted on the basis of both curriculums to critically compare the differences between the two the curriculums. Also compares Korean curricula with those of Japanese, considering the situation concerning English education is similar in Japan…

Provides insights into the Malaysian English language policy, required standards, and testing in language use in Malaysian tertiary institutions. Gives information about backwash effects in particular about institutional programs related to the teaching of English as a Second Language. (Author/VWL)

Focuses on the concept of "native speaker," with particular attention to the discussion of whether native speakers of World English are native speakers of English. (Author/VWL)

Investigates the acquisition of English relative clauses by native Malay speakers, who are proficient in English, in relation to the issue of parameter setting. Tests a proposal put forth by Tsimpli and Smith (1991) and Smith and Tsimpli (1995). (Author/VWL)

Investigates intonational differences according to the meanings of genuine yes/no questions and confirmation yes/no questions. Productions and perception tests were conducted. Results are discussed. (Author/VWL)

Presents a linguistic analysis of two nearly synonymous Japanese adverbs "betu" and "hoka." Provides a sharper characterization of these adverbs to make it easier for Japanese learners in their acquisition of these adverbs. (Author/VWL)

Addresses the question of whether there is any difference in the nature of learning English between English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) and English-as-a- Second-Language (ESL) learning situations. Specific focus is on Koreans learning English in two contrasting situations--EFL in Korea and ESL in Dehli India. Findings yield implications for…

Suggests a synthetic approach for improving English-as-a-Foreign-Language communicative language proficiency in Korea through institutional teacher training and reflective self training. (Author/VWL)

Investigated learner variables of Korean university students and explored the relationships of the variables to English language proficiency. Results show the correlations between strategies and proficiency were significant, while the correlations between styles and proficiency and between beliefs and proficiency were insignificant. (Author/VWL)

Investigates whether adult second language learners of English are guided by subconscious innate linguistic knowledge--universal grammar--in the acquisition of a particular linguistic phenomenon, the "wanna" contraction in English. (Author/VWL)

A linguistic approach to language acquisition is based on two tenets: the workings of language must be studied through grammatical analysis and psycholinguistic experimentation, and understanding how a particular language is acquired requires cross-linguistic comparative research. Illustrates these tenets, discussing dative alternation in…

Investigates the listening process of less proficient Japanese English-as-a-Foreign-Language learners. Focuses on whether they tend to rely on bottom-up or on top-down processing, on which opinions are divided among researchers. (Author/VWL)

Investigates the effects of second language (L2) linguistic competence on L2 reading in terms of its accountability for L2 reading comprehension and the relationship with the use of reading strategies. (Author/VWL)