In typically developing children, boys are more commonly diagnosed than girls with disruptive behavior disorders, namely, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder. For children with intellectual disability (ID), the evidence for this gender effect is less clear. In this report we examine gender…

It is well known that communities face high costs in the care of individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Factors that influence those costs are less well studied. This study examined the relationship between behavioral problems and the costs of caring for children with ID. Parents/family carers of 109 children with ID were surveyed using a…