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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

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United States Living Arrangements of People with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities in 1995
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Larson, Sheryl A.; Doljanac, Robert; Lakin, K. Charlie – Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 2005
In the United States, data on the number of people with intellectual or developmental disabilities (ID/DD) living in institutional and other congregate care settings have been gathered and reported since 1977 through the Residential Information Systems Program (RISP) at the University of Minnesota (e.g., Prouty & Lakin, 1997). These data were…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Data Collection, Mental Retardation, National Surveys
Data Briefs: Change in Residential Placements for Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the USA in the Last Two Decades.
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Lakin, K. Charlie; Prouty, Robert; Polister, Barbara; Coucouvanis, Kathie – Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 2003
This article summarizes trends indicating a shift from institutional services to services in small community settings, an operational transformation from state government being the provider of services to being the purchaser, a shift from state financing of community services to federal-state cost-sharing, and an increase in people receiving…
Descriptors: Adults, Community Programs, Deinstitutionalization (of Disabled), Delivery Systems
Community Living and People with Intellectual Disability: Introduction to Part II.
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Stancliffe, Roger J.; Emerson, Eric; Lakin, K. Charlie – Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 2001
This introductory article discusses major Australian deinstitutionalization initiatives and presents data on trends in institutional living in Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. All three countries continue to witness a fall in the institutional population of people with intellectual disability and an increase in community…
Descriptors: Adults, Attitude Change, Change Strategies, Children
Behavioural Outcomes of Deinstitutionalisation for People with Intellectual Disability: A Review of US Studies Conducted between 1980 and 1999.
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Kim, Shannon; Larson, Sheryl A.; Lakin, K. Charlie – Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 2001
A review of 33 studies of residential service outcomes found that almost all of the studies found statistically significant increases in overall adaptive behavior scores associated with deinstitutionalization of individuals with mental retardation. Three studies reported statistically significant improvements in challenging behavior associated…
Descriptors: Adaptive Behavior (of Disabled), Adults, Behavior Change, Behavior Problems