This study tested the hypothesis that memory for pictorial material is dependent on initial comprehension of the depicted relationships. A total of 72 second, sixth and ninth graders were compared on ability to remember cartoon pictures which did or did not contain action lines as clues to the interaction between actors. (MS)

A sorting task was used to define concepts held by 120 children (4, 5, and 18 years old) as available and nonavailable. These concepts were then used at the appropriate age levels in a discrimination-learning task. After learning the discrimination, either a reversal or half-reversal shift was required. (MS)

A total of 336 French children between 4 and 10 years old were asked to draw representations of French negative sentences. It was demonstrated that the interpretation of negative sentences depends on phenomena of surface as well as deep structure. (MS)

Two groups of six 3-month-old infants participated in a study to investigate the effect of social stimulation on infants' vocalizations. (MS)

Two experiments measured changes in binocular eye alignment from 1- to 6-month-old infants. Experiment 1 recorded these changes from 1-, 2-, and 3-month-olds, using corneal photography. Experiment 2 measured responses of 3-, 4 1/2-, and 6-month-olds as a wedge prism was placed alternately before each eye. (MS)

In Experiment one, 48 students in second, seventh and twelfth grades performed a recognition task in two sessions. In Experiment two, 16 second and 16 twelfth graders were subject to two response conditions, naming and recognition. (MS)

A total of eighty 9-month-old infants were presented with a problem consisting of several different conditions which separated response, position on a table, and absolute spatial position as factors leading to errors in search for hidden objects. (MS)

The schema hypothesis proposed by Kagan and Lewis was used to make predictions concerning the preferences of infants 3 to 14 months old for speech stimuli. An operant response method was used in determining the infants' preferences for inflected, monotone, and scrambled natural speech stimuli. (MS)

In two experiments, the effects of prior reinforcement for compliance and noncompliance with adults' instructions were assessed with respect to the incidence of nonreinforced imitation of that adult in a subsequent modeling situation. Subjects were 15 boys and 15 girls of kindergarten age. (MS)

Visual pattern preferences were established for 96 9- and 13-week-old infants using stimuli varying in contour density presented either at a low, moderate, or high luminance level. Age differences in the maximally preferred patterns across stimuli and luminance levels indicated that luminance interacts with contour density in determining stimulus…

Two experiments investigated the development of verbal rehearsal strategies and selective attention in learning disabled children. In Experiment 1, Hagen's Central-Incidental task was administered to younger learning disabled and normal boys. In Experiment 2 the task was given to intermediate and older boys along with an experimentally induced…

Three experiments were performed using an aperture-viewing technique to assess the accuracy of shape perception when subjects were required to emit eye movements in order to pick up shape information, compared with the accuracy of shape perception when subjects were not required to emit eye movements. All three experiments explored whether the…

Analogous auditory and visual central-incidental learning tasks were administered to 24 second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade and college-age subjects to study the effects of modality of presentation on memory for central and incidental stimulus materials. (Author/SB)

Four- and seven-year-old children observed a simple physical effect which could be attributed to either a consistent but noncontiguous covariate or a contiguous but inconsistent covariate. (Author/SB)

In order to study infants' sensitivity to binocular information for depth, 11 infants, 20 to 26 weeks of age, were presented with real and stereoscopically projected virtual objects at three distances, and the infants' reaching behavior was videotaped. (Author/SB)