Investigated suppression of activation and retrieval paths to information stored in long-term memory. Subjects were 94 children in grades 1, 3, and 5. Found that the ability to intentionally inhibit the maintenance and recall of irrelevant information improves over the elementary years, and children are less able than adults to withhold production…

Noting that in previous research, the linguistic status of the unit has often been confounded by its size, five experiments were conducted to provide a better test of the linguistic status hypothesis. Results supported the linguistic status hypothesis by indicating that effects of linguistic level on phonological sensitivity cannot always be…

Two studies explored the following two issues important in understanding the development of knowledge-based inferencing: (1) how children of different ages use a circumscribed and available knowledge base to make two types of inferences important for comprehension; and (2) how the accessibility of an available knowledge base is related to…

Investigated whether limitations in the enhancement of learning-disabled readers' working memory (WM) performance are attributable to process or storage functions. Found that: intercorrelations among diverse WP measures increased on demanding conditions; and verbal WM was not directly related to reading skill, supporting the notion that poor…

Presents a theoretical model of partial occlusion drawing, along with three experiments. Experiment one studied whether planning or scanning is involved in partial occlusion drawing, and the second explored whether group-encoding of similar objects creates a drawing problem. Experiment three tested predictions derived on the conjoint effects of…

This experiment was designed to explore the claim that the form of children's drawings reflects the nature of their representation of pictured objects in memory. Subjects were 64 children (16 each from nursery school and grades 1, 3, and 6). (MS)

A total of 12 elementary school children participated in a study on the effect of percentage in variable amounts of reinforcement under several variable interval schedules. (MS)

In two studies, preschool children were given four tasks of two types and two levels of difficulty. It was found that generalization of compliance with instructions varied with task difficulty. (MS)

An overt rehearsal procedure was used to investigate the relationship between children's rehearsal strategies and free recall performance. Subjects were 72 third- and 72 sixth-grade children. Investigated were the effects of increased processing time and rehearsal training upon recall. (MS)

An overt rehearsal procedure was used to study the relationship between 48 third- and 48 sixth-grade children's rehearsal strategies and their memory performance under difficult conditions of test expectation. This study addressed the question of why active rehearsal content results in superior recall performances. (MS)

Three experiments were conducted to determine processes underlying age differences in the level of recall in a memory-span task. Five-year-olds recalled fewer items than adults in memory-span tasks involving both familiar and unfamiliar faces, even though the use of rehearsal and recoding strategies was minimized for adults. (MS)

A total of 12 second- and fifth-graders' semantic decision times for pictures and words were analyzed relative to the predictions derived from unitary- and dual-memory models. (MS)

The effect of age-related differences in the use of recall organization on the amount of recall and the properties of recall-acquisition patterns obtained in a multitrial part-whole transfer task was investigated among subjects in grades 1, 4, 7, and in college. (MS)

In this experiment, 446 children, ranging in age from 5-10 years, were required to draw one object behind another in a situation in which adults invariably produce the further object partially occluded to the nearer. (MS)

Subjects examined crowded semirealistic layouts of toy objects, or photographs of these layouts, and then tried to identify added, moved or deleted items. The main study involved 96 subjects, 24 at each of four age levels (first, third, sixth grade, and adult). (MS)