Elementary school students were tested on a visual search task where letter matching was based on the visual or name characteristics of letters. Visual match lists were searched faster than name match lists by all three grades. (SBT)

Failure was hypothesized to be an antecedent of a reflective style of responding and frustration an antecedents of an impulsive style. Fourth grade children experienced either failure or frustration, and were then assessed with the Matching Familiar Figures Test. (SBT)

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether children, ages 4-7 assign invariant labels to objects or describe the objects in terms of the context of alternatives. The acquisition of adjective ordering rules and information limits on children's utterances were also examined. (JMB)

Describes three experiments which investigated memory for items and order in a progressive elaboration paired-associates task. Subjects were kindergarteners, second and fourth graders. Experiments I and II indicated an age effect on order retention which was overcome through instruction in Experiment III. (JMB)

An experiment with monochromatic lights is discussed in terms of the selective effects of wavelength on looking time and pleasantness, comparisons of infant and adult data, and differentiation of the selective effects of color category centers and color category boundaries. (JMB)

Children, aged 4-12, performed four tasks designed to test their comprehension of complex sentences that contained main verbs taking underlying sentences as their complements. Tasks involved imperatives, semantic anomalies, truth questioning and short-term memory. (JMB)

Compares one study in which 5-year-olds and another in which adults quantified random patterns of dots under unlimited exposure duration. Data on operating ranges and rates for subitizing and counting are included. (JMB)

This experiment (involving kindergarteners and fourth graders) examined the development of the ability to encode, store, and retrieve verbally-or visually-presented material when the modality of the test stimulus was varied. (JMB)

Describes a study which tested two hypotheses with 4- to 5-year-olds: (1) that a positive relationship exists between repeated exposure and preference for objects of peers, and (2) that preference for stimuli can be modulated by their relative novelty and complexity. (JMB)

Supplementary stimulation was supplied for 30 minutes per day for approximately six weeks to 156 normal, full-term institutionalized infants prior to adoption. The Gesell Developmental Schedules were administered regularly (until age 27 months), to determine whether development had been enhanced by the treatment. (JMB)

Children, ages 6, 8, and 10, were exposed to three types of training procedures aimed at increasing their use of constraint-seeking questions and enhancing their problem-solving efficiency. Effects of the different procedures on each age group were examined. (JMB)

A total of 336 second, fourth, and sixth graders were tested to determine whether the older children automatically attached verbal labels to pictures during paired-associate learning. The author questions whether such labeling necessarily facilitates item learning or associative learning. (JMB)

Preschoolers, third graders, and college-age subjects were tested for accuracy in predicting their own short-term memory span for picture names. (JMB)

Preschoolers' recall and clustering of organized lists of pictures were examined either under deliberate instructions to remember or in incidental learning situations. It was concluded that the activity of the children determines depth of processing and subsequent retention, not the intent to remember. (JMB)