The nature of the aptitude-treatment interaction between spatial visualization ability and instructional treatment in mathematics was investigated. No significant positive correlation was observed between the aptitude measures (spatial visualization test) and the outcome measures (algebra structures exam). (CJ)

Differences between learning disabled and nonlearning disabled children's paired-associate learning can be eliminated by using instructional modifications. Procedures that reduce the "overloading" of the learning disabled students' cognitive processes have positive effects on associative learning. (CJ)

The game "Order Out", which uses manipulative and pictorial aids, is effective in teaching the ordering of common fractions. The use of manipulative or pictorial aids during instruction did not significantly affect achievement. Gender-related achievement trends were observed. (CJ)

A multivariate investigation of the dynamics of cumulative achievement studied the influence of course grades, personality traits, environmental variables, and previous performance. The latter was the best single predictor of performance. (CJ)

A longitudinal study of first, third, and fifth grade students tested skills involved in the teaching of music reading and concluded that the aural-to-aural intrasensory task was easiest for children to learn. (Author/CJ)

A survey of fourth grade students' attitudes on the quality of their school life and their satisfaction with school reveals that the more favorably children feel toward school, the more likely they are to accept responsibility for their performance. (CJ)

The traditional practice of having students read or respond to questions in turn is questioned. Research suggests that teacher effectiveness improves when teachers clearly explain the task at hand before children respond. (PP)

The relationship between teachers' use of class time and student achievement, behavior, and attitudes was examined in a study of 102 English and mathematics classes in 11 junior high schools. Time use had a measurable effect on student achievement and attitudes in mathematics classes, but not in English classes. (Authors/PP)

A study of the sustained effects of Title I compensatory education programs used local test data to demonstrate that student achievement gains made during the school year were largely lost over the summer. The study also shows that students gaining the most during the school year registered the largest losses during the summer. (Authors/PP)

The effectiveness of several methods used to identify intellectually superior black children was evaluated. Findings suggest that less commonly used identification methods, such as parents' opinion and the Leiter International Performance Scale, may point out these children more accurately than do traditional measures. (Author/PP)

A study investigated whether preassessments of general and specific knowledge can predict children's listening comprehension. Topical knowledge, assessed by multiple-choice questions, did predict story comprehension; topical interest, however, did not correlate either with topical knowledge or comprehension. (Authors/PP)

Kindergarten children received prereading instruction based on a code systems approach. Results suggest that: (1) kindergarten children can learn the concepts and vocabulary of code systems; and (2) such instruction is related to their perception of the nature and purpose of reading and can be incorporated into existing kindergarten programs. (PP)

When teachers of moderately retarded, mildly retarded, and nonretarded students were asked to assess their own degree of burnout, special education teachers reported fewer and weaker feelings of inadequateness than did regular classroom teachers. Possible reasons for this finding and suggestions for stress reduction are given. (Authors/PP)

Using actual student referral records, researchers investigated: (1) why teachers referred students for psychoeducational evaluation; (2) causes to which they attributed students' difficulties; and (3) whether causes were related to reasons for referral. Teachers attributed 97 percent of the students' difficulties to factors outside the school.…

Eleven spelling series were analyzed by grade level to determine their use of high-frequency words, and students' writing samples were examined for misspellings of such words. Researchers found considerable variation among word lists in the series and suggest that student writing may be a better source of words for spelling lists. (PP)