This study aimed to assess cognitive and behavior correlates of young children's interest in computers. Computer users tended to be older and exhibited significantly higher levels of cognitive maturity than nonusers. Other findings are discussed. Results suggest there are important cognitive underpinnings for computer involvement by preschoolers.…

The effect of using separate answer sheets on a standardized test was investigated by administering the test and requiring children to either answer in the test booklet, use an answer sheet without prior practice, or use an answer sheet with practice sessions. Significant effects on test scores are examined. (Author/MT)

Previous studies have indicated that a response-sensitive presentation was more effective than a random response-insensitive presentation. This study examined whether these findings could be generalized to a regular classroom environment. Implications of the results are discussed. (Author/MT)

This study investigated the effect of class discussion, one-to-one interaction, or no prewriting activity on the voluntary writing decisions of fourth graders. No differences were found for boys; however, the proportion of control group girls who chose to write was significantly higher than those in the class discussion group. (Author/MT)

This article reports on the first year of a Madeline Hunter program implementation study. Thirteen teachers in two schools were observed before and after a three-month intervention to identify relationships between staff development programs, teacher implementation of the program, student engaged rates, and student achievement in reading and…

Findings are presented from a study of the interactive effects of sex and race on teacher communications patterns in 67 classrooms. ANOVAs revealed two significant main effects for race, five for sex, and three significant race/sex interactions. Previous research literature is summarized. (Author/MT)

This study investigated the relationships among pupil control orientation, five factors of teacher stress, sex, and age of 130 full-time teachers. Results indicated an authoritarian orientation was significantly related to higher scores on four of the five stress factors and age was significantly related to two stress factors. (Author/MT)

This study examined the quality of education received by 493 students in four urban elementary schools by collecting information on student achievement, classroom observations, and teacher interviews for a two-year period. Results indicate student progress is influenced by teacher, school, and community characteristics, and specific school factors…

This study of 26,279 high school sophomores attempted to correlate fixed and alterable conditions which influence student achievement in academic subjects. Major differences in achievement appear to be due to fixed characteristics of students and outside school experiences, not to the private-school superiority hypothesis. (Author/MT)

This study investigated instructional elements of inservice training sessions that prepare teachers to implement innovations, looking specifically at teachers' concerns, instructional elements, and relationships between the two. The results are discussed and recommendations made to enhance the likelihood of successful training. (MT)

To eliminate the lack of systematic feedback in cooperative learning, this study used a 2 x 2 (Student Teams x Mastery Learning) factorial design to investigate the effects of student teams using mastery learning strategies on mathematics achievement of fifth-grade children. The results and their implications are discussed. (Author/MT)

This study compared 46 teachers who were trained in and implemented mastery learning techniques with 50 similar teachers who were not trained to see if mastery learning changed the explanations they offered for their effectiveness. The results are set forth and implications for staff development are drawn. (Author/MT)

The organization of the most effective seatwork for fifth grade mathematics instruction was characterized by: (1) sufficient preparation; (2) efficient management; and (3) high intensity of active supervision that corrected and supported students in a discrete manner. (JD)

Two experiments examined the relative effects of concrete and abstract advance organizers on students' memory for subsequent prose. Results of the experiments are discussed in terms of the memorability, familiarity, and visualizability of concrete and abstract verbal materials. (JD)

Young children's spelling errors are not haphazard but systematic and follow a developmental sequence as the children master the consistent use of correct spelling. This study examined the development in spelling stage and correctness of 14 inner-city elementary school children. (JD)