Variables affecting intelligence test performance were investigated for black and white female secondary school students. Test atmosphere (evaluative or gamelike), tester expectation, and socioeconomic status of subject interacted significantly with race of subject in determining mean IQ. Subjects generally performed better with female examiners.…

Educable mentally retarded children were mainstreamed into regular elementary school classes. Experimental subjects worked on a multimedia project with four to six nonretarded classmates. After eight weeks of treatment, the nonretarded children's acceptance of their experimental peers improved significantly more than that of the control children.…

Four TV film versions of the same story were shown to fifth graders; the presentation format of each film varied. Different patterns resulted between initial mental skills and knowledge acquired from each format, depending upon whether the format called upon or supplanted the skill. (Author/GDC)

Children learned two linear function rules under varying conditions: presence vs. absence of pointing; visual cues (context vs. weight vs. both pictured); and a verbal-only baseline condition. A complex rule was learned as a transfer task. Visual cues aided both learning and transfer; pointing helped initial learning, but retarded transfer.…

Programmed textbooks were used to condition verbal repetoires relevant to motivation, test anxiety, and test wiseness in 118 sixth grade students. There was a significant effect on raw scores on an IQ post test. Students of lower intelligence made greater raw score gains than students with a higher IQ. (Author/GDC)

Disadvantaged children participated in a creativity-enhancing program at a summer camp. Immediately following the treatment and four months later, the experimental group showed significantly higher scores and creativity tests than the control group, who participated in regular recreational activities. The tutors and the games used are described.…

The effectiveness of the SCHOLAR computer-assisted instruction system was compared with: (1) the interactive map display of Map-SCHOLAR; (2) a static labeled map; and (3) an unlabeled map. Students learned significantly more with the interactive map display than with either of the other maps. A new method, backtrace analysis, was used to assess…

The development and validation of the Test of Thematic Analysis (TTA) are described. The TTA measures the effects of liberal education as distinct from other kinds of education and general maturation. Scores were higher among seniors than freshmen at traditional liberal arts colleges. No significant differences were obtained at two vocationally…

Measures of self-esteem for low income children in preschool, kindergarten, and first grade contributed significantly to predictions of third grade academic performance. Achievement motivation, especially when measured prior to first grade, was also a significant predictor. (Author/GDC)

College students read passages describing quantitative relations among elements, and answered either 12 numeric (A=20C?) or 12 comparative (A .gt. C?) questions. When they received both types of questions, subjects performed better on the type they had received previously. Information stated as meaningful stories resulted in better performance…

In a 4-year longitudinal study of 4,300 British elementary school children, teachers' expectations influenced children's achievement to an extent appreciably exceeding that to which children's performance impinged on teachers' attitudes. Teachers' evaluations of children's social performance affected later achievement to an extent exceeding that…

The relationship between self concept and comparative achievement rating was studied in 159 underachievers in self-contained classrooms. When achievement rating was considered, both reading and mathematics achievement were significantly related to self concept. When comparative achievement was not considered, only reading achievement was related…

The simultaneous and successive processing model of cognitive abilities was compared to a traditional primary mental abilities model. Simultaneous processing was found to be primarily related to spatial ability; and to a lesser extent, to memory and inductive reasoning. Subjects were 104 fourth-grade urban males. (Author/GD C)

Study goals may be less effective when the sequence of the list of goals does not match the sequence of goal-relevant information in a reading passage. In a study using undergraduates, learning of goal-relevant information was lower when the study goals and text sequences did not match. (Author/GDC)

An information processing model was fitted to individual learning of paired associates and word definitions for 378 fifth to tenth-grade students. Reliable individual differences in acquisition rate and long-term retention were found. Correlations with traditional aptitude and achievement scores were discussed; no significant sex or ethnic group…