Examines teacher stress, self-efficacy, social support, and psychological distress in a sample of Chinese prospective teachers (n=83) in Hong Kong. Reports that the teachers experienced higher levels of symptoms in somatic problems followed by anxiety and dysphoria. Discusses self-efficacy and social support as protective factors for teacher…

Examines effects of the motivational approach on the recall of verbal information processed at shallow and deep levels. Explains that students were assigned to a mastery focused condition, performance approach condition, or a control group. Reports that students remembered more stimulus words during cued recall than free recall. Includes…

Examines the extended effects of an instructional program designed to enhance schema development. Uses non-goal specific problems to teach geometry to high school students who need remedial tuition. Indicates that participants in the non-goal specific group showed greater improvements. Includes references. (CMK)

Investigates the accuracy and processing speed of verbal stimuli among students with low and high ability in mathematics, focusing on native Greek students (n=60) ages 15 to 18. Demonstrates that students with high ability gave faster responses and made fewer errors for the rhyme and semantic judgments. Includes references. (CMK)

Investigates the expectations and aspirations that Asian Australian and Anglo-Celtic Australian parents have for their children. Predicts that Asian Australian parents would have high aspiration for their children. States that the hypotheses was largely supported by the survey results. Includes references. (CMK)

Examines the use of literate language, or a specific oral language register. Investigates the effect of peer collaboration and social context. Explains that seven- and eight-year-old children were placed in friend or non-friend groups and were observed during collaborative writing tasks. Includes references. (CMK)

Presents the results from an Australian study where secondary school students (n=290) completed questionnaires that focused on motivational goals, metacognitive awareness, need for affiliation, social anxiety, and feelings towards group work. States that the results were discussed in the context of group-based learning. (CMK)

Presents the results of a study, part of a larger project investigating knowledge acquisition in Christian religions. Focuses on primary school children's drawings of the "house where God lives" to learn about belief revision or conceptual change. Finds that children's drawings indicated belief revision and conceptual change. (CMK)

Self-determination theory and a motivational model of engagement were used to determine the impact of perceived competence and autonomy on engagement and performance in 77 third and fourth graders identified as above average in ability. Children who felt less competent or less autonomous reported more negative affect and withdrawal. (SLD)

Data from 877 3rd, 7th, and 11th graders substantiated the multidimensionality of academic self-concept, as based on the Shavelson model, but yielded no support for increasing differentiation across age. Data also determined minor deterioration of hierarchical structure for early and late adolescents but no progressive pattern of weakening across…

The incidence and causes of cheating were studied through a questionnaire completed by 943 English college students. Reported cheating was widespread, more common among men and less able students, and more common in science and technology students. Student motivation appears to be a major factor in explaining the differences. (SLD)

The effects of performance feedback and social visibility on task performance and on incidental learning of peripheral stimuli were studied with 64 French male students, half high achievers and half low achievers. Both performance and allocation of attention were extremely sensitive to the consistency between students' past and present academic…

Strategy use and its impact on standardized reading test performance were studied with 128 high school students. Students in a standardized test condition used more strategies than those asked merely to identify main ideas. Thinking aloud had detrimental effects on ability to identify main ideas. (SLD)

Students from 38 colleges with high scores on an advanced placement examination essay and low scores on the multiple-choice portion were compared with students with the opposite pattern. The pattern was not related to college grades, but was related to other test performance. (SLD)

Gender-related differences in participation in and scores on the College Board's Advanced Placement and Achievement examinations were studied for the years 1982 through 1992. There was little change in patterns of examination participation, and patterns of sex differences in scores were generally stable, with some evidence of difference narrowing.…