This article highlights a violent incident in the history of British student protests and outlines the judicial process that resulted. A wider consideration of student protests of the late 1960s and early 1970s, both in the UK and overseas is offered, together with some consideration of the significance of this particular case. At the time of the…

This article examines elementary education policy and practice in one county--Hertfordshire--and concludes that it falls into none of the neat categories of parsimonious or generous, progressive or reactionary, or even broadly Labour or Conservative. Aspects of county policy and practice would, no doubt, incur their approval or condemnation in…

Given the entrenchment of professional dominance and the decrease in lay influence, the establishment of School Site Councils in California will probably not radically alter the structure of educational governance. The author suggests that if professional power continues to grow unchecked, it will pose a threat to democratic principles. (Author/WD)

Prior to the First World War, the public's attitude toward sex education was apathetic. With venereal disease posing a threat to America's "military efficiency" during the war, however, military programs in sex education were instituted that then gave rise to similar programs in secondary schools in the 1920s. (JBM)

Recent literature has made little attempt to apply historical studies to the problems of contemporary educational administration or to use historical studies as the basis for analysis or prediction. This article examines the role of historical insights in relation to educational administration and proposes approaches that might enhance their…

A reexamination of the history of the attitudes of educators in the West Riding of Yorkshire toward the Revised Code of Education (originally promulgated in 1862) indicates that, contrary to established belief, teachers and administrators generally accepted the code's reforms, though with some reservations. (PGD)

The levying of taxes for nonelementary education was first legalized in Great Britain under the Technical Instruction Act of 1889. The act's impact on the successful establishment of evening classes and vocational training in the Wallasey Borough of Cheshire during the years following the act's passage is described in this article. (PGD)

Before 1944, when Great Britain's local education agencies were empowered to ensure that students were adequately clothed and fed, the Boots for the Bairns Fund sponsored by the Yorkshire Evening Post provided shoes for poor children in Leeds. This article reviews the fund's history from 1921 to 1939. (PGD)

This article examines the system under which lecturers were employed in British adult education before the Second World War, when the responsible agencies relied heavily on "full-time part-time tutors" who had no official status or employment security and were thus subject to pressures infringing on their academic freedom. (Author/PGD)

Since 1942, Sri Lanka has attempted seven major reforms in the governance and administrative organization of its system of higher education. These reforms, reviewed in this article, also affected the language of instruction, the extent of academic freedom, and the number of institutions in the system. (PGD)

Outlines the political changes and pressures that have influenced the ambitious and impressive, but so far unsuccessful, attempt to implement free universal primary education in Nigeria. (Author/IRT)