Legal scrutiny of school voucher policies initially focused on the establishment clause concerning with allocating public dollars to schools sponsored by religious organizations. In recent years, advocates asserted that the exclusion of faith-based organizations from voucher plans that permit expenditures in secular private organizations violates…

Clear funding/achievement relationships are emerging from the recent body of production-function research. Money does matter in producing educational outcomes. Factors such as small class size and teacher experience can drive up instructional costs. Schools cannot operate efficiently with scanty resources. Equalizing quality resource inputs is a…

Policymakers are exploring whether schools should be allocated state funds as rewards for improving student achievement and other performance indicators. Team-based rewards specified in 14 states' statutes represent a limited form of performance-based school finance. This article examines financial rewards in four states and makes policy…

The socioeconomic status of a community is the strongest predictor of salary levels paid to teachers. Both community ability and effort are strongly affected by socioeconomic status factors, which in turn condition characteristics of teachers (experience and training levels) through staffing and salary policies of boards of education. (Author/IRT)

Data are analyzed in support of the conclusion that fiscal neutrality has nearly been achieved since 1974 legislation mandating uniform tax rates and a foundation program of school aid. Remaining disparities in per pupil revenue and expenditure are interpreted as a function of varying pupil and school district needs. (MJL)

Educational reform depends more on clearly defined missions and operational efficiency than on improved teacher quality. This article defines adequacy, equality, equity, and efficiency; examines numerous production function studies of teacher characteristics and policy and administrative structures; and summarizes seven policy implications.…

Reviews resource allocation studies and includes an overview of resource allocation in public education and a review and analysis of studies by unit of analysis. Argues for informed resource allocation to increase school productivity. (MD)