Tested Tinto's model that dropping out occurs when students are not adequately integrated into social and academic environment of college, and that student background characteristics influence dropout decision only indirectly through effect on such integration. Findings challenge model, especially regarding concepts of academic and social…

Investigated certain measurement properties of the Ethical Judgment Scale. Results revealed findings of questionable validity and unacceptably low reliability for the instrument even though three different scoring methods were used in the analysis. (Author)

Used four case studies of planned change to evaluate the effectiveness of the Probability of Adoption of Change model in predicting the probability of successful program implementation in higher education. Results provide support for the role of the variables defined in the model. (ABL)

Authors (Creamer and Creamer) of "Predicting Organizational Change: Case Studies" respond to commentaries by Gwendolyn Dungy, Scott Rickard, and Charles C. Schroeder and G. Smith Jackson on their article. Lists and answers five questions raised by the commentaries. Claims research and theory building on model is continuing and criticism is…

Conducted analysis of four cases of planned change in student affairs and three cases in curricular reform. Used meta-like procedure to determine strength of association of nine variables of Probability of the Adoption of Change (PAC) model to likelihood of adoption of change, and to estimate ability to generalize PAC model across student and…

A theory-based causal model of disciplinary offender status was constructed and tested on a random sample of 348 student offenders and 348 nonoffenders at a large university. The model identified types of student involvement on campus that may be predictors of disciplinary status. (TE)

Tested a conceptual model of influences from students' goals for college on freshman-year growth. Degree aspiration level was a significant influence on intellectual gains, and social goals surpassed both degree aspiration level and career certainty as influences on personal-social gains. These variables influenced outcomes in part because they…

Explored use of multiple orientations in moral reasoning among nine female and seven male community college presidents. Three orientations to moral reasoning were revealed. Self-orientation appeared to join with one or both of the justice and care models. Both men and women used all three orientations; however, how the orientations were used…

Male and female college administrators in Taiwan were surveyed for their responses to a selection of moral dilemmas. These responses were then scored for comparison purposes according to three models: (1) Kohlberg's theory of moral development; (2) Gilligan's proposed ethic of care and responsibility; and (3) Mennuti's (1987) discovery of a…