This paper discusses a chemistry lesson plan based on the use of ethanol as an alternative and renewable energy source. The lessons were developed by participatory action research and follow a socio-critical and problem-oriented approach to chemistry teaching. This approach specifically focuses on the handling of scientific and technological issues within society. The course of the lessons, the experiences documented by teacher and student feedback, and the general importance of the societal dimension of chemistry education are all reflected upon. (Contains 4 figures.)