The purpose of this study was to examine archival data from an outpatient clinic serving children with autism spectrum disorders to investigate the occurrence of problem behavior functions in this sample. Results indicated that social reinforcement (e.g., attention from others) was involved in maintaining problem behavior for the majority of cases, suggesting that these children lacked socially appropriate responses to access such reinforcement, or that their social environments contained insufficient social reinforcement. Further, the data suggest that problem behavior exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorders can be conceptualized similarly to the problem behavior of children with other developmental disabilities.