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Showing 1,906 to 1,920 of 2,932 results
Peer reviewed
Direct linkLord, Catherine; Wagner, Ann; Rogers, Sally; Szatmari, Peter; Aman, Michael; Charman, Tony; Dawson, Geraldine; Durand, V. Mark; Grossman, Lee; Guthrie, Donald; Harris, Sandra; Kasanri, Connie; Marcus, Lee; Murphy, Susan; Odom, Samuel; Pickles, Andrew; Scahill, Lawrence; Shaw, Evelyn; Siegel, Bryna; Sigman, Marian; Stone, Wendy; Smith, Tristram; Yoder, Paul – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
In 2002, the National Institutes of Health sponsored a meeting concerning methodological challenges of research in psychosocial interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorders. This paper provides a summary of the presentations and the discussions that occurred during this meeting. Recommendations to federal and private agencies included the need for…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Meetings, Research Methodology, Intervention
Erickson, Craig A.; Stigler, Kimberly A.; Corkins, Mark R.; Posey, David J.; Fitzgerald, Joseph F.; McDougle, Christopher J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Interest in the gastrointestinal (GI) factors of autistic disorder (autism) has developed from descriptions of symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea in autistic children and advanced towards more detailed studies of GI histopathology and treatment modalities. This review attempts to critically and comprehensively analyze the literature as it…
Descriptors: Autism, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Children, Pathology
Edgin, Jamie O.; Pennington, Bruce F. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The profile of spatial ability is of interest across autism spectrum disorders (ASD) because of reported spatial strengths in ASD and due to the recent association of Asperger's syndrome with Nonverbal Learning Disability. Spatial functions were examined in relation to two cognitive theories in autism: the central coherence and executive function…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Nonverbal Learning, Learning Disabilities
Williams, Diane L.; Goldstein, Gerald; Carpenter, Patricia A.; Minshew, Nancy J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Verbal and spatial working memory were examined in high-functioning children, adolescents, and adults with autism compared to age and cognitive-matched controls. No deficit was found in verbal working memory in the individuals with autism using an "N"-back letter task and standardized measures. The distinction between the "N"-back task and others…
Descriptors: Memory, Autism, Spatial Ability, Verbal Ability
Fisher, Naomi; Happe, Francesca – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
This study investigated the relationship between theory of mind and executive functioning in children with autistic spectrum disorders through a training study. Ten children were trained on theory of mind, whilst ten were trained in executive function. Seven children were assigned to a control group, receiving no intervention. Training programmes…
Descriptors: Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Control Groups, Teaching Methods
Gross, Thomas F. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Global information processing and perception of facial age and emotional expression was studied in children with autism, language disorders, mental retardation, and a clinical control group. Children were given a global-local task and asked to recognize age and emotion in human and canine faces. Children with autism made fewer global responses and…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Children, Autism, Age
Heaton, Pamela – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
High functioning children with autism and age and intelligence matched controls participated in experiments testing perception of pitch intervals and musical contours. The finding from the interval study showed superior detection of pitch direction over small pitch distances in the autism group. On the test of contour discrimination no group…
Descriptors: Intervals, Autism, Children, Perception
Lecavalier, Luc – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale was developed to identify individuals with autism in research and clinical settings. It has benefited from wide use and acceptance but has received little empirical attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct and diagnostic validity, interrater reliability, and effects of participant…
Descriptors: Behavior Rating Scales, Factor Analysis, Construct Validity, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Baron-Cohen, Simon; Wheelwright, Sally; Robinson, Janine; Woodbury-Smith, Marc – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
At the present time there are a large number of adults who have "suspected" Asperger syndrome (AS). In this paper we describe a new instrument, the Adult Asperger Assessment (AAA), developed in our clinic for adults with AS. The need for a new instrument relevant to the diagnosis of AS in adulthood arises because existing instruments are designed…
Descriptors: Adults, Asperger Syndrome, Evaluation Methods, Diagnostic Tests
Berument, Sibel Kazak; Starr, Elizabeth; Pickles, Andrew; Tomlins, Megan; Papanikolauou, Katerina; Lord, Catherine; Rutter, Michael – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The Autism Diagnostic Observational Schedule (ADOS) is a semi-structured observational scale developed to assess social interaction, communication and play in individuals who are suspected to have autism. Since the ADOS is not suitable to be used with severely or profoundly mentally retarded adolescents and adults with very limited language…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Severe Mental Retardation, Pilot Projects, Language Skills
Gornick, M. C.; Addington, A. M.; Sporn, A.; Gogtay, N.; Greenstein, D.; Lenane, M.; Gochman, P.; Ordonez, A.; Balkissoon, R.; Vakkalanka, R.; Weinberger, D. R.; Rapoport, J. L.; Straub, R. E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Straub "et al." ("2002") recently identified the 6p22.3 gene dysbindin (DTNBP1) through positional cloning as a schizophrenia susceptibility gene. We studied a rare cohort of 102 children with onset of psychosis before age 13. Standardized ratings of early development, medication response, neuropsychological and cognitive performance, premorbid…
Descriptors: Psychosis, Children, Cohort Analysis, Clinical Diagnosis
Grindle, Corinna F.; Remington, Bob – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Three children with autism were taught to identify pictures of emotions in response to their spoken names. Their speed of acquisition was compared using a within-child alternating treatments design across three teaching conditions, each involving a 5 second delay to reinforcement. In the marked-before condition, an instruction encouraged the…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Rewards, Pictorial Stimuli
Gibson, Evelyn; Reed, Phil – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
The present study explored whether a similar phenomenon to stimulus over-selectivity occurred in rats, in the hope of establishing a non-human model for the autism. Rats were serially presented with two-15 seconds, two-element compound stimuli prior to the delivery of food, in an appetitive classical conditioning procedure. Each compound stimulus…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Animals, Responses, Conditioning
Paul, Rhea; Shriberg, Lawrence D.; McSweeny, Jane; Cicchetti, Domenic; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Shriberg "et al." [Shriberg, L. "et al." (2001). "Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 44," 1097-1115] described prosody-voice features of 30 high functioning speakers with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to age-matched control speakers. The present study reports additional information on the speakers with ASD, including…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Socialization, Suprasegmentals, Communication (Thought Transfer)
Hodapp, Robert M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2004
Different genetic disorders predispose individuals to display specific, etiology-related profiles, personalities, and maladaptive behaviors. Using groups with genetic etiologies as stand-ins or proxies for a specific behavior or set of behaviors, one can then examine how others in the child's environment react and whether such reactions are…
Descriptors: Perception, Etiology, Children, Genetics
