A review of the empirical research literature on Social Stories[TM] is presented, including a descriptive review and single-subject meta-analysis of appropriate studies. Examination of data suggests the effects of Social Stories[TM] are highly variable. Interpretations of extant studies are frequently confounded by inadequate participant description and the use of Social Stories[TM] in combination with other interventions. It is unclear whether particular components of Social Stories[TM] are central to their efficacy. Data on maintenance and generalization are also limited. Social Stories[TM] stand as a promising intervention, being relatively straightforward and efficient to implement with application to a wide range of behaviors. Further research is needed to determine the exact nature of their contribution and the components critical to their efficacy.