The disproportionate representation of students of color in special education is a critical challenge facing educators and school districts. This article helps educators understand and address this challenge by providing information on disproportionate representation and guidelines for delivering a wide range of effective culturally responsive…

This article provides the American Psychiatric Association's definition of attention deficit disorder (ADD) and then gives an overview of ADD by considering the three types of ADD, the developmental impact of ADD, factors contributing to ADD, identification and assessment of students with ADD (emphasizing multimethod and consideration of…

Principles of educational interventions for students with attention deficit disorder (ADD) include: (1) giving complete and thorough directions; (2) individualizing in-class and homework assignments; (3) motivating students; (4) promoting active responding and monitoring understanding; (5) employing content enhancements; (6) offering learning…

This article provides guidelines and strategies that can be employed to examine the experiences and perceptions of cooperative teaching teams, to validate successful collaborative practices, and to identify practices in need of revision. It discusses interviews and surveys, use of best practices checklists, conducting teaching observations, and…

This article provides guidelines for conducting culturally sensitive functional assessments by forming a diverse multidisciplinary team, employing culturally sensitive ways of selecting target behaviors, collecting data on students and their behavior, analyzing data and formulating hypotheses; and developing culturally responsive behavioral…

This article provides educators with guidelines and resources for developing professional portfolios that reflect their experiences, training, and achievements as educators. It discusses developing a portfolio, what to include in a portfolio, organizing a portfolio, the benefits of a professional portfolio, and packaging a portfolio. (Author/CR)

This article offers strategies and resources to help educators assess the impact of inclusion programs on the academic performance and social and behavioral development of students with and without disabilities. Suggested guidelines are intended to identify program strengths and aspects in need of revision. (Contains extensive references.)…

Offers educators and families a variety of strategies to help facilitate the development of friendships among students with disabilities and their typical peers. Activities to teach students about individual differences, music and art activities to promote friendships, and sample get-acquainted and class-cohesiveness activities are listed. (CR)

Offers guidelines for enhancing science instruction for students with disabilities by adapting, implementing, and assessing an activities-based approach. This approach features a structured learning cycle, emphasis on the relationship of science to students' lives, experiential learning, interdisciplinary themes, cooperative learning groups,…

Guidelines for implementing a problem-solving approach to teaching mathematics concepts and skills to students with mild disabilities include: establish connections to daily life; use visual presentations; use manipulatives; use peer-mediated instruction; provide models, cues, and prompts; teach self-management techniques and learning strategies;…

Test modifications and techniques that teachers can employ to adapt their tests to meet individualized needs of mainstreamed students with disabilities are considered. Suggestions are offered to assist special education teachers in helping general educators design tests; address test reliability, validity, content, and format; and develop…