The paper reviews a decade's efforts to influence Pakistan's disability policies towards greater involvement of existing community resources, rather than heavy government investment in institutional development. Differences between progressive Western views and pragmatic Third World planners are described. An information systems approach is…

The study found that 74 seventh- and eighth-grade students with either high or moderate contact with hearing impaired students expressed more positive attitudes toward deafness than students who had no contact with the hearing impaired. A similar pattern was found when attitudes toward disabilities in general were evaluated. (DB)

The paper analyzes the legal, fiscal, and organizational differences and similarities in special educational services in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. Noted are the decreased role of the courts in Australia and New Zealand and provision of all education funding by the state in Australia and New Zealand. (DB)

Meta analysis of 273 investigations concerned with the modification of attitudes toward persons with disabilities revealed equivocal results possibly due to methodological deficiencies (study quality ratings were low) or to the complexity of human attitudes. (Author/DB)

The article examines trends in statistical data and educational policies in Israel since 1948 toward students with handicaps. Considered are relevant legislation and procedures, the special education population in 1985/6, and the role of the family, community, and society. (DB)

The article describes the assessment procedure (statementing) to identify and plan for children with special educational needs in England and Wales as required by the Education Act of 1981 and the Education (Special Educational Needs) Regulations of 1983. The increased responsibilities of Local Education Authorities are outlined. (Author/DB)

Similarities in special education services in the five Scandinavian countries include their normalization philosophy and cooperative policy development. Among unique Scandinavian innovations are camp schools, folk high schools, toy libraries (lekoteks), therapeutic communities or collectives for young substance abuses, and measures to combat…

The study documented the existence of specific learning disabilities among primary school children in Botswana and compared the relative effectiveness of a behavior rating scale, a group test of visual-motor integration, and teacher identification in identifying such children. (DB)

An overview of special education services in five Western European countries (Federal Republic of Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, and Switzerland) is presented. The countries are all currently undergoing reexamination of existing practices, though extensive variations exist between and within each country. (Author/DB)

A survey of childhood disabilities was conducted in Yemen covering the three main cities and 37 towns and villages. Results indicated a disability prevalence rate of approximately 13% of which over 30% were oral or auditory based and over 20% were visual. (Author/DB)

L'Arche is an international movement to create communities in which disabled persons are included. Through a series of personal interviews, an autobiographical account is presented illustrating some of the salient features of living in a L'Arche community from a handicapped person's perspective. (Author/DB)