Investigates how mathematics is taught in the primary grades when the language of instruction is a second language for all or most learners by comparing the language use in four lessons in Montreal (Canada) and Zimbabwe schools. Reveals that effective educators know that good teaching requires a focus on both language and subject content. (CMK)

Reports on an ethnographic study of primary level science classes in Kenya where English is the government-mandated language of instruction. Finds that important ideas were conveyed more easily when teachers did not adhere to the policy of English-only instruction. Concludes that the importance of sociolinguistics in instructional processes should…