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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

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Trenkler, Gotz; Schmidt, Karsten; Trenkler, Dietrich – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2012
In this article a new parameterization of magic squares of order three is presented. This parameterization permits an easy computation of their inverses, eigenvalues, eigenvectors and adjoints. Some attention is paid to the Luoshu, one of the oldest magic squares.
Descriptors: Mathematics Activities, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematical Concepts, Problem Solving
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Baksalary, Oskar Maria; Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2010
By considering a general representation of proper rotation matrices, the eigenvalues and eigenspaces of those matrices are identified.
Descriptors: Matrices, Algebra, Factor Analysis, Spatial Ability
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Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2004
In this note the well-known Lagrange identity is extended to matrices. The resulting generalized Lagrange identity is used to give characterizations of symmetry, commutativity of projectors and normality.
Descriptors: Matrices, Mathematics, Computation, Classroom Techniques
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Trenkler, Dietrich; Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2004
In this note 4 x 4 most-perfect pandiagonal magic squares are considered in which rows, columns and the two main, along with the broken, diagonals add up to the same sum. It is shown that the Moore-Penrose inverse of these squares has the same magic property.
Descriptors: Mathematics Activities, Matrices, College Mathematics, Mathematical Formulas
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Neudecker, Heinz; Zmyslony, Roman; Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2003
The problem of estimating the cross-product of two mean vectors in three-dimensional Euclidian space is considered. Two "natural" estimators are developed, both of which turn out to be biased. A third, unbiased estimator, resulting from a jackknife procedure, is also investigated. It is shown that, under normality, the latter is best among all the…
Descriptors: Computation, Equations (Mathematics), Validity, Mathematical Logic
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Trenkler, Gotz – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2002
In this note it is shown that the Moore-Penrose inverse of real 3 x 3 matrices can be expressed in terms of the vector product of their columns. Moreover, a simple formula of a generalized inverse is presented, which also involves the vector product.
Descriptors: Matrices, Mathematics Instruction, Generalization, Equations (Mathematics)