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50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

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Shapiro, Arthur; Koren, Andrej – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2012
This analysis and synthesis explores constructs of professional autonomy and accountability using constructivist theory and practice to examine the organizational dynamics of centralization/decentralization, particularly as applied to educational organizations. Major schools of constructivist thought are explored to shed light on…
Descriptors: Professional Autonomy, Accountability, Foreign Countries, Locus of Control
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Omerzel, Doris Gomezelj; Sirca, Nada Trunk; Shapiro, Arthur; Brejc, Mateja; Permuth, Steve – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2008
This article focuses first on fundamental trends weakening the European--specifically, the Slovenian--economy and social structure, which are creating a two-class system consisting of an undereducated/uneducated population unable to compete for employment in an economy increasingly requiring more education to update employees' skills. Learning and…
Descriptors: Employment Potential, Higher Education, Social Systems, Employees
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Korem, Andrej; Shapiro, Arthur – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2006
Globalizing processes in education are reflected in conceptions of "policy borrowing" and knowledge transfer. These processes tend to be associated with the notion of "developed" and "undeveloped" countries. The idea of a direct-line transfer may be limited in that each nation has developed a culture and numerous subcultures over long periods,…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Foreign Countries, Cultural Context, Educational Policy
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Shapiro, Arthur – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2003
Discusses the elements of constructivist instruction/teaching. Constructivism is seen as ultimate decentralization, with student and teacher able to make decisions regarding what and how they learn. The few studies on leadership and constructivism note the power of constructivist leadership in decentralizing schools and even classes or teams, with…
Descriptors: Active Learning, Change Strategies, Constructivism (Learning), Educational Change
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Shapiro, Arthur – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2002
Begins with a brief overview of the origins of constructivist thinking among the philosophers and the major forms of constructivism. Continues with definitions and descriptions of models of constructivist classrooms and teams. And concludes with a comparison of constructivist and traditional approaches to learning. (Contains 27 references.) (WFA)
Descriptors: Constructivism (Learning), Educational Innovation, Educational Methods, Educational Philosophy