Today's world is challenged by complex issues and citizens need ever-increasing scientific literacy to understand the impact of issues such as global warming, alternative energy, and genetic engineering, on their daily lives and to make informed decisions. Students need to be prepared to tackle issues such as these by being exposed to learning experiences beginning at an early age. Children need to not only understand basic science, but also to apply its principles to everyday experiences. The 2007 North Carolina Science Summit provided an opportunity for local superintendents, education deans, curriculum specialists, educators, and others to engage with national leaders and consider ways to cultivate student enthusiasm and curiosity about the natural world while preparing for the world's increasing demand for science competencies. The report calls on North Carolina to establish a collaborative, statewide effort with education, government, business, and science communities to identify a comprehensive, long-term plan for K-8 science education reform.