Between the 1840s and 1880s--a heyday of public bilingual schooling--the American Midwest emerged as a modern Babel because of its linguistic diversity and strong tradition of local control. In such a favorable environment, a variety of patterns and aims of foreign-language instruction developed. In this article, the author examines the contexts…

Highlights Juila Bulkley's experience at the University of Chicago and her role in the development of the Department of Pedagogy for teacher education. Illustrates the extent to which the dynamics of institutional aspiration at the University of Chicago in its early years permeated faculty relations and converged with issues of gender. (CMK)

Argues that changes in citizenship education during the progressive era (emphasizing community and the common welfare rather than individual rights) grew out of support for a strong, activist central government. Questions earlier assumptions that the change occurred in reaction to immigration. Discusses competing conceptions of citizenship and…

Traces the changes in educational philosophy and practices that occurred within England's civic universities. The original intent of the state supported public universities was to provide professional and technical training for the growing middle class. Discusses the reasons that the civics eventually adopted the curriculum of the elite private…

Discusses the organization and implementation of youth education and work programs by the occupying allies in post- World War II Germany. Initial efforts at youth denazification were divided between punitive and rehabilitative approaches. Support from German churches favored rehabilitation efforts. (MJP)

Summarizes the various interpretations and representations of Canadian educational history in textbooks and other scholarly publications from the last 20 years. Charts the appearance in educational history of intellectual and social history, as well as minority and feminist considerations. (MJP)

Presents a consistent body of evidence to support the conclusion that, from the earliest decades of the 19th century, scientific subjects represented a significant and popular part of the curriculum in schools for girls. Includes evidence from primary and secondary sources. (MJP)

Presents an historiographical overview of Catholic education in the United States from colonial days to the twentieth century. The author traces the principles, origins, and establishment of the Catholic school system and relates the system to the Church's progress in America. (Author/DB)

Provides a translation and explanation of the "Hsueh Chi," (Record of Learning), which is the 18th chapter of the major Confucian classic "Li Chi," (Book of Rites). The author maintains that although much has changed in China since Confucius, there is still the spirit that education is essential in order to organize society and to rule. (Author/DB)

Reviews policies of college officials in controlling admission of minority students (Jews, Catholics, immigrants) to selected American colleges and universities from 1900-1970. Suggests that institutions of higher education may have to justify their admission policies by submitting them to periodic public or semipublic review. (DB)

Presents an account of political and religious influences affecting the French secondary school, Louis Le Grand, during the eighteenth century. Shows how the development of a major institution of education can be related to historical events and pressures. (DB)

Evaluates contributions to Russian pedagogical thought of a pioneering essay on the history of childhood and the family in Russia ("Dva Vospitaniia" by Kliuchevskii, written in 1893). Characterizes the Betskoi schools which were based upon the philosophy described by Kliuchevskii as humanistic, but beset by pedagogical problems and psychological…

The symposium transcript presents and discusses commentaries on "Schooling in Capitalist America," by Sam Bowles and Herbert Gintis. The transcript serves three functions: (1) it offers a comprehensive account of the role of schools in America; (2) critiques efforts to reform schools; and (3) suggests alternative visions of how school reform…

This review of books on education in East Africa highlights the rapid change from nonformal to formal educational institutions and points up some of the consequent anomalies. (JH)

Adam Smith used selections from English literature in his classroom during the eighteenth century because he believed that vernacular literature could provide a ready context for the teaching of ideological, social, and moral lessons. He believed that higher education should prepare students for the real business of the real world. (RM)