Two procedures were compared for reducing violent or aggressive theme play of six preschool children with behavior disorders and five normally developing peers. Contingency statements followed by a modified time-out produced consistently lower rates of violent theme play than did verbal prompts to engage in more appropriate types of play.…

Examined were the effects of Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) on the academic, behavioral, and social skills of 18 emotionally disturbed adjudicated boys, aged 13-15. TAI increased the students' on-task and cooperative behaviors, increased the students' liking of their classmates, and was preferred by students when compared to working…

Traits attributed to deaf people may not reflect their true characteristics, but the paternalistic posture of hearing experts. The attributions reveal paternalistic universals, paternalistic parallax, paternalistic ethnocentrism, and economic self-interest. Research flaws in test administration, test language, and test scoring are identified.…

Implications of the regular education initiative for behaviorally disordered students are examined in the context of integration and right to treatment. These students are underserved, often cannot be appropriately served in regular classrooms, are not welcomed by most regular classroom teachers, and have treatment rights the initiative does not…

Research is reviewed on the use of direct observation methods to collect special education data focusing on seven major factors: reactivity; observer drift; the recording procedure; location of the observation; reliability; expectancy and feedback; and characteristics of subjects, observers, and settings. Recommendations are offered for increasing…

For 83 low-achieving elementary students, predictions of future performance were computed on the basis of reading and written expression data and were subsequently compared to actual data. Analyses indicated that predictions were more accurate when the data had been graphed on equal interval graphs rather than semilogarithmic charts. (Author/JDD)

Ninety students in grades six to eight listened to or read written passages and then identified and corrected grammar and syntax errors. Students listening and receiving auditory feedback located more errors than those reading. Learning-disabled students and students matched on reading level identified fewer errors than did students matched on…

Fourteen mildly handicapped (learning-disabled or behavior-disordered) and 36 nondisabled students in grade 10 social studies classrooms participated in a classwide peer tutoring program. Performance on weekly tests was significantly improved; 60 percent of all students earned "A" grades, and failing grades were virtually eliminated. (Author/JDD)

This article reviews the need for the arts to be integrated into scientific ways by which educators pursue an understanding of exceptionality. This need emerges from an awareness of the essential function the arts and humanities hold in the scientific enterprise and from increasing disenchantment with the dominant scientific paradigm. (Author/JDD)

Ninety-one public school special education directors and 31 correctional education administrators in five mid-Atlantic states were polled to investigate linkages between the two systems. Results indicated needs for additional liaison staff hired specifically to coordinate services and an improved information exchange concerning handicapping…

Stanford Achievement Test scores of 1,434 elementary-level students already placed in either regular or special education programs were arranged according to four cutoff points: 20th, 15th, 10th, and 5th percentiles. This identification method, setting the cutoff at the 5 percent level, is proposed as a preliminary screening device for special…

The consulting teacher model may improve educational service in the mainstream to mildly handicapped children and other children at risk but should be implemented only with sufficient attention, resources, and planning. Potential problems include ineffective caseload management, inadequate training of regular and special educators, and…

The peer interactions and cognitive levels of play of mildly developmentally delayed preschool children were compared as they participated in mainstreamed and specialized settings. They engaged in substantially higher rates of peer-related social behaviors and constructive play when mainstreamed. Factors affecting early childhood mainstreaming…

Examination of the impact of two California court cases and the Education for All Handicapped Children Act on identification of and programing for educable mentally retarded students indicates that minority students are not being well served. The movement toward educational excellence has further jeopardized marginally achieving students.…

Fifteen rural elementary school teachers in classrooms with high proportions of limited-English-speaking students completed self-reporting instruments and their supervisors evaluated their effectiveness. Those teachers with the most effective strategies for low-achieving students reported lower toleration of maladaptive behavior and some active…