This article proposes that efforts to coordinate higher education and employment of graduates depends on both the educational structure of the population and the structure of employment opportunities, making comparison across countries difficult. The situation in Europe, and particularly in Finland in relation to other countries, is examined.…

The United Kingdom's developing policy to integrate higher education curriculum and the demands of the workplace is explored, particularly in the context of undergraduate and graduate programs based on learning within the workplace. The policy itself, the relationship between work-based learning and conventional college instruction, and validation…

An examination of the relationship of higher education and employment in Spain looks at: issues in the internal debate over the relationship; the evolution of the job market within the Spanish economy; existing analyses of employment trends and labor needs; and the response of Spanish universities to graduate employment problems and the…

This article identifies world trends affecting higher education and argues that higher education in the United States needs foreign students for economic reasons and must provide them with high quality education at a reasonable cost. If not, they may either go elsewhere or stay home, finding their own higher education better and/or less expensive.…

A discussion of multilingualism in the European context looks at various topics, including the origins of multilingualism, value judgments about foreign languages and multilingualism, current trends, language contact and mixture, human potential for multilingualism, simultaneous and consecutive language acquisition, individual needs for different…

The growth of English-medium education in the Netherlands is examined by comparing the social background, international orientation and experience, and future educational plans of Dutch-speaking students in two tracks in secondary school. Results suggest that demand for internationalization of education comes from parents and pupils, not…

A discussion of internationalization of education in the United States looks at three aspects of the effort: study abroad; substantive instruction about other societies/cultures; and foreign-language education. For each aspect, emphasis is on four educational objectives: factual knowledge, development of empathy, attitudinal change, and…

A study of the role of foreign languages in European higher education focused on the influence of institutional culture, including that of the discipline, on quality of professional communication. Findings are discussed, and related issues are examined, including student/professional mobility, interinstitutional cooperation, standards for…

The commonly used comparative approach to researching cultures and training professionals in cross-cultural skills is criticized for being of limited use to the individual attempting intercultural interaction. An alternative model encourages the individual to reflect on his own and others'"enculturation" and to develop empathy, or cultural…

A cross-cultural training seminar involving French, German, and American language teachers is described. The program was designed to examine the influence of teachers' cultural perceptions on selection of authentic instructional materials, sources of linguistic misunderstandings, and teachers' strategies for resolving cultural conflict. (MSE)

Difficulties encountered by individuals employed in international trade in foreign countries are examined, particularly as they concern the authority structure of the host country. It is recommended that multinational companies teach their employees to view behavior by colleagues, superiors, and subordinates in their cultural contexts,…

This paper reconstructs the main arguments in the public debate on the market position of those with higher education degrees and uses available data to explore their empirical validity. It speculates about the impact of recent changes in the Dutch system of higher education on the labor market position of its graduates. (JB)

This article compares Austrian higher education and employment issues to those in other nations and concludes that Austria's situation is idiosyncratic. It specifically addresses university role and structure, open access, unregulated student-institution matching, individualized study structure, low proportion of graduates in the labor force,…

This article describes recent changes in Slovenia including its economic situation, employment possibilities, and trends in higher education. It discusses economic restructuring and its impact on the labor market, opportunities for graduates in the labor market, changes in employment opportunities, the effect of state intervention, and legislative…

This article describes quantitative growth in higher education and overall trends in the Norwegian economy and argues that the policy of expanding the capacity of higher education is being used as a buffer against youth unemployment. (JB)