Discusses curriculum reform in California. Suggests choosing works that have quality and depict what is universal in human nature in order to select literature that is meaningful to all. (MS)

Describes the "Inverted T," a figure which charts the multiple relationships between individuals and their societies found in both literature and real life. Asserts that by applying this figure to both literary works and to students' lives, students will perceive the relevance of literature. (MM)

Describes how the "Iliad" can be taught effectively as a soap opera. (MM)

Explains the use of the personal anthology to stimulate wide reading and hold students accountable for what they read. Identifies strategies for and results of using the personal anthology in English instruction. (MS)

Contends that a metaphor can be a teaching tool, a way of explaining something so that students can better grasp and remember it. Asserts that teachers can improve their effectiveness by exploring the metaphors that educators live by. (MS)

Suggests metaphor is a linguistic tool for discovering meaning and a fundamental form of understanding. Recommends instructing students to produce and analyze extended metaphors by composing biographical portraits. (MS)

Describes how students can use metaphors to evaluate their writing. Provides several metaphors which can help students make decisions about the use of support, examples, and detail in their writing. (MM)

Stresses that metaphorical thinking encourages students to see relationships and requires them to use higher level critical thinking, particularly analysis and synthesis. Describes strategies to get students to think metaphorically in order to understand the elements of Greek tragedy. (MS)

Argues that emphasis on process has reduced the amount of time teachers spend teaching basic editing skills. Offers eight suggestions for incorporating instruction in punctuation into a process approach to writing. (MS)

Offers strategies to make vocabulary study relevant to students. (MS)

Suggests that personal spelling dictionaries and spelling error analysis are strategies which will help students improve their spelling more than memorizing lists of unrelated words from spelling books. (MS)

Proposes to improve spelling at the high school level by incorporating it into the writing process, using computers to the best advantage, and fostering the improvement of both critical and creative thinking skills. (MS)

Describes how allowing students to break the rules of standard writing can increase students' creativity in their written expression. Discusses several traits of this alternate style, or "Grammar B," including sentence fragments, double voice, lists, and spelling variations. (MM)

Suggests several teaching approaches to spelling instruction at the secondary level. (MM)

Reviews student and newsstand magazines in order to explore their potential for integrating the English language arts. (MS)