Critics have occasionally asserted that the number of factors in the 16PF tests is too large. This study discusses factor-analytic methodology and reviews more than 50 studies in the field. It concludes that the number of important primaries encapsulated in the series is no fewer than the stated number. (Author/JAZ)

Prior standardization of scores when an aggregate score is formed has been criticized. This article presents a demonstration of the effects of differential weighting of aggregate components that clarifies the need for prior standardization. The role of standardization in statistics and the use of aggregate scores in research are discussed.…

This article evaluated criticisms by Stevens and Aleamoni (1986) of an article by Gardner and Erdle (1984) on aggregation using either raw or standard scores. It was demonstrated that their criticisms were unfounded. (Author)

The development of a nonparametric K-sample test for equality of slopes using Puri's generalized L statistic is presented. The test is recommended when the assumptions underlying the parametric model are violated. This procedure replaces original data with either ranks (for data with heavy tails) or normal scores (for data with light tails).…

A simple statistical test procedure for assessing questionnaire response validity is proposed. The technique assesses the joint probability that frequently reported behaviors are not reported and infrequently reported behaviors are reported. (Author)

Methods of estimating the standard error at different ability levels were compared. Overall, it was found that at a given ability level the standard errors calculated using different formulas are not appreciably different. Further, for most situations the traditional method of calculating a standard error probably provides sufficient precision.…

Despite much evidence that the Jenkins Activity Survey Type A (JAS Type A) scale is lacking in essential psychometric properties, it continues to be widely used for measuring coronary-prone behavior. Four psychometric properties of the scale were assessed. The scale failed to satisfy accepted reliability and validity criteria. (Author/JAZ)

A recurrent problem in assessment work is to determine the degree of match for a client score profile to some known prototypic group patterns. It is more accurate to conceptualize the "known" group pattern as a range of values. Interval-banded profile analysis represents a generalization of the method of centours to this problem. (Author/JAZ)

Using data from High School and Beyond, this study empirically investigated the extent of within-variable, between-occasion error covariances among variables included in educational achievement models. Little evidence was found to support the statement that reliability estimates for social background variables are inflated because of correlated…

A simple quasi-experimental design is described which may have utility in a variety of applied and laboratory research settings where ordinarily the one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design might otherwise be the procedure of choice. The design approaches the internal validity of true experimental designs while optimizing external…

A factor replication procedure (FACTOREP) was evaluated using four psychometrically equivalent synthetic correlation matrices containing an imposed three-subscale structure. Comparisons of the structure revealed by two, three, four, and nine-factor rotations using the FACTOREP showed that only the three factor solutions were replicable across all…

The Endler S-R Inventory of General Trait Anxiousness was analyzed employing Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) and factor analysis. The SSA yielded a two-dimensional lattice partitioning the space into regions corresponding to the situations specified in the inventory. The factor-analytic results were similar but not as informative. (Author/JAZ)

This study was designed to answer two questions: (1) Can cognitive strategies to increase testwiseness be taught? and (2) Can such strategies be generalized? Strategies presented were: length of option, middle range, similarity or oppositeness, and deduction. The answer to the first question was affirmative, and the second a qualified "yes."…

This paper describes a BASIC computer program that computes power for any combination of effect size, degrees of freedom for hypothesis, degrees of freedom for error, and alpha level. As a consequence of the algorithm, an approximation to the critical value of the Bonferroni F-test is also computed. (Author/JAZ)

This paper presents a BASIC microcomputer program that constructs the Tukey (1977) stem and leaf graph. Options within the LEAF program include a modified stem and leaf where the stem is split and a parallel stem and leaf graph where two separate sets of data are displayed from a common stem. (Author)