The growing number of studies in the field of prevention science and related advancements in evidence based programs leads to some discussions about the fundamental issues such as efficacy, effectiveness, dissemination, adaptation, fidelity and continuity in recent years. In this article it is intended to report the common views of early childhood preventive intervention program and also to discuss how implementation, adaptation, and dissemination process must be conducted to reach high effectiveness of the program. Moreover the recent progress on common prevention interventions is presented by emphasizing the similarities and differences between Turkey and other countries. Finally, it will provide an insight and intuitive perspective for further studies in prevention science field in early childhood education.