The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-efficacy perception of mothers' towards parenting on the peer relations of children aged between 5 and 6. The sample group of this study comprised of 200, 5-6 year old children (girls = 96, boys = 104), and their mothers. The Ladd and Profilet Child Behaviour Scale, the Peer Victimisation Scale and the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale--Mother Form were used to collect data of this study. Study results concluded that there was a negative significant relationship between the level of self-efficacy perceived by mothers towards parenting and variables of aggression, exclusion, fearful-anxiety, hyperactivity, and peer victimisation of their children. Another conclusion obtained from this study was that the level of self-efficacy perceived by mothers towards parenting had a predictor effect on their child's level of aggression, exclusion, fearful-anxiety, hyperactivity, and peer victimisation. There was no significant relationship between the level of self-efficacy perceived by mothers towards parenting and their child's level of prosocial and asocial behaviour.