This paper explores a number of themes relating to gender and teaching. The existing balance of women and men in the teaching profession in Ireland and internationally is examined; patterns at entry to initial teacher education in Ireland are outlined; gender differences in final awards are presented; finally, sociological questions raised by these trends are discussed. The international figures on teaching presented imply that the feminisation of teaching is a historical and economic process as much as it is a social, psychological or educational one. What is clear from the analysis of the feminisation of teaching presented here is that prior educational achievement by young men plays a significant role in their patterns of entry into initial teacher education. The lower levels of achievement by men also extend to the levels of award taken in their initial teacher education courses. However, higher educational achievement by women in undergraduate university courses is not confined to initial teacher education but is to be found in almost all disciplinary areas. (Contains 7 tables, 1 figure and 3 notes.)