An overview of meta-analysis in education is provided. Methodology is discussed and substantive findings from meta-analytic studies are reviewed for six major areas of educational research: (1) instructional systems; (2) instructional design; (3) curricular innovation; (4) teacher education and evaluation; (5) class and school organization; and…

Explores the experiences of four Canadian prospective primary teachers during an eight-week practicum. Suggests that subjects' conformity to cooperating teachers' practices was not passive acceptance of the status quo, but rather a response to their interpretations of the constraints of being a student teacher. Contains 46 references. (Author/SV)

Examines relationships among teachers' and students' sense of efficacy, thinking skills, and student achievement. Results demonstrate clear relationships among the thinking, efficacy, and achievement of students; but relationships between teacher and student measures were ambiguous. Suggests that higher efficacy teachers tend to have a more…

Issues connected with knowledge acquisition through the development of complex computer programs--Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs)--are discussed. The components of such a system and its applications are considered, including: elicitation of knowledge, tutoring with incomplete/uncertain knowledge, self-improving tutoring systems, and…

A regression model of teacher stress was evaluated through the use of LISREL models at six selected points in time over an autumn term for 142 grade 1 through 12 teachers. Home environment and relations with colleagues and students were significant factors at various times throughout the study period. (TJH)

Examines differences between Inuit and non-Inuit students in activism (social attitude), self-concept, and academic achievement. Inuits scored lower in activism and self-concept than non-Inuits. Suggests teachers create personalized classroom environments to positively affect activism and self-concept, and thereby enhancing achievement.…

Explores what it means to do research intended to be relevant for public policy. Argues against perception of policy research as politically neutral technical exercise. Discusses political implications of methodology. Discusses research examples to illustrate point. Discusses implications for how research might be used in political process.…

Fourteen essays on the National Assessment of Educational Progress offer a broad, systematic examination of technical and policy issues in national-level assessments. Topics include reading and mathematics trends, quality control, national achievement trends, state-level implementation and reporting, and federal review panel responses. (TJH)

The role of teacher's pedagogical content knowledge in social studies is addressed through two case studies: a novice and a veteran teacher. The important difference between the novice and the expert is manifested in content knowledge, a form of teacher understanding that combines content, pedagogy, and learner characteristics. (Author/LMO)

The implementation of curricula for primary and secondary education in Finland has changed during the 1970s and 1980s. Three phases of development are labelled and described: rationalist model, interpretative model, and teacher's joint planning model. Three principles for the construction of pedagogical-administrative curriculum are presented.…

The order of difficulty of positions and the segmentability of phoneme categories are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that phonemes are functioning units in the perception and production of speech. The final version of the program for teaching phonemic segmentation is described. (Author/LMO)

Discusses the connection between type of control structure for a school system and type of strategy for change that may be chosen. Shows that the mandator-controlled Swedish school system best corresponds to the "Developing the Organization" model of educational change. Describes a Swedish training program based on the model. (SB)

Presents results of two surveys that show the development of attitudes of Swedish students on socially important issues (readiness to help others, tolerance toward deviant persons) over the later school years. Describes changes in those attitudes among 15 year olds during the 1970s. Discusses influence of teachers on those attitudes. (SB)

Discusses the notions of history and education presented by N.F.S. Grundtvig, Danish promoter of the folk cause. Notes that Grundtvig thought that human development is always realized and manifested in a national context and that a national culture is a necessary prerequisite for the progress of civilization. (SB)

Discusses development of pupil grouping in European compulsory education into two opposite class organization types, mixed ability classes and ability-grouped classes. Categorizes the types along two dimensions with three program types and three grouping types, yielding nine teaching categories. Discusses comparative results of streaming and mixed…