Children, 9-11 years old, solved subtraction problems in the form of M-N=..., then gave a verbal report on the thought processes used, analysis of which utilized a model based on analyses of reaction times, and resulted in a more detailed process model. (AN)

Three experiments (which used adults and 14-year-old children) studied the congruence between textual input at encoding and output in the form of memory reproductions. Results verified a very close correspondence between encoding and retrieval regarding hierarchically structural operations on the information in simple stories. (AN)

Critically assesses a 1979 book by Rutter et al. entitled "Fifteen Thousand Hours: Secondary Schools and Their Effects on Children." Argues that the Rutter study fails to provide scientific evidence which is relevant and capable of corroborating its major hypothesis: that there are significant differences between schools. (AN)

Grade four (20) and grade eight (20) Ontario parochial school children were interviewed to assess retrieval skills for school research projects, particularly selecting search areas/specific book sections for particular retrieval questions and evaluating gathered information. Older children were more skillful at generating/defining search areas and…

Questionnaires examined perceptions of Victoria parents (178); principals (36); K,1,3,4 teachers (186) about children's orientation to kindergarten and K-1 and 3-4 transitions. Results cover initial adjustment to school, orientation programs, difficulty making transitions, reasons for difficulty, K-1 transition classes, shortened kindergarten days…

Study investigated changes in urban Alberta high school student plans/aspirations between 1969 (12,951)/1982 (2,285 students). Analyzing boys and girls separately indicated more 1981 girls planned postsecondary education. More 1981 students planned postsecondary education, but schools placed fewer students in college preparation programs in 1981…

Compares effect of practicum length on professional predispositions (motivation toward teaching, attitudes toward teaching career, student teachers' self-concept) of 60 Canadian student teachers. Students completing 20-week practicum had significantly lower values than those completing 3-week practicum. Only after lengthy practicum does reality of…

Literature used to support hypothesis that enrollment in high school mathematics plays critical role in determining careers in science provided no convincing evidence. Reexamination examination of data on gender differences in rate of decline in mathematics enrollments suggested differences were too small to account for large gender differences in…

The dichotomy between two concerns of student teaching supervision (emphasis on interpersonal helping relationship versus task-oriented, performance-based approach) is examined. Suggests dichotomy is fallacious, presents a typology of approaches, maintains student teaching supervision is a teaching process calling for supervisor variability of…

Project surveyed (1978-81) appreciation/attainment of school educational goals by nearly 60,000 Finnish students/university students, teachers, parents, educators, and administrators. Parents and teachers valued goals most, university students and administrators valued them least. Overall personality and mental health goals, ethical-social and…

Interaction effects of 524 grade six pupils' achievement motives, ability level, future time orientation, sex, and perceived importance of school activity were considered in relation to approach/avoidance motivation. Achievement scores were positively related to approach motivation; successs-oriented, high-ability girls and moderate-ability boys…

Reports a study in which Swedish high school students' academic interests were related to perceived effort, ability, and perceived vocational job prospects. Notes that academic interests were based on subjects' logical appeal and practical value. Notes that vocational preferences correlated strongly with individual job prospects but weakly with…

Reports the methodology used to measure the reading ability of third and fourth grade pupils in Finnish "comprehensive" schools in 1964 and 1979. Notes that 1979 students had significantly higher abilities in all areas measured, despite decreases in standard deviations. Interprets results in the light of acceleration theory. (SB)

A case study to determine the extent to which teacher decisions about students are influenced by teacher tolerance for students' behavioral characteristics revealed that teacher tolerances affected the ratings of an immature elementary student but not the ratings of an unmanageable elementary student, who was viewed more negatively overall. (SB)

Investigation of the influence of using each of three language units of analysis on the assignment of data to the comprehension categories for recall analysis revealed significant correlations between corresponding categories for two of the units of analysis but a different category profile for the third. (SB)