Sibling data may be used as a covariant statistically controlling family background for testing the adequacy of age-standardized scores; for testing the interval scale of mental measurements; for analyzing correlations into between- and within-family components; and for detecting cultural sources of variance. (Author/GDC)

In the middle 1970s, Black enrollment in higher education was largely concentrated in traditionally Black southern schools and in four-year colleges. Blacks and women were underrepresented in graduate and professional schools, and they tended to be overrepresented in education/social sciences while underrepresented in the technical sciences.…

Path analysis is defined for explicitly formulating theory, and for attaching quantitative estimates to causal effects thought to exist on a priori grounds. The four basic kinds of path models are illustrated: (1) recursive; (2) block; (3) block-recursive and (4) nonrecursive. (Author/GDC)

One hundred thirty-five studies of the facilitative effect of advance organizers on learning and retention were examined. Grade level, subject area studied, organizer presentation mode, and subject ability level were examined in relation to advance organizer effect. Advance organizers were shown to have a small facilitative effect. (Author/GDC)

Students' course evaluations were related to 16 background characteristics for 511 undergraduate courses and 221 instructors. Each separate variable explained less than five percent of the variance. The four most influential background variables were: prior subject interest, expected grades, workload/difficulty, and percent enrolled for general…

Control groups' scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Test-Verbal were compared to scores of secondary school students who were exposed to their school's special test preparation programs. Special preparation resulted in an overall difference of eight points on the total score, corresponding to one additional correctly answered item. (Author/GDC)

Over 300 high school students responded to questionnaires in their sophomore and senior years which showed that the extent to which students perceived open social studies classroom climates over this period was related to increases in political trust, integration, and interest but to a decrease in sense of political confidence. (Author/GDC)

Collective bargaining is a fact of life in the complex reality of school district administration. Levels of maturity in collective bargaining expertise are clearly emerging. The concept of a continuum of maturity for union-management relationships can be developed and school districts can be classified along the continuum. (Author/RL)

Using four scale scores from Sandman's Mathematics Attitude Inventory, relationships were found between parents' anxiety, self-concept, enjoyment of, and perceived value of mathematics and their adolescent children's attitudes. These relationships were interpreted by ability level. Significant differences in mathematics attitudes were found by…

A structured interview was used to ascertain the level of understanding of the concept of death in 52 elementary school children. Data analysis showed sex, religious affilation, and the death of a close relative had little or no relationship to the level of understanding of death. (Author/RL)

An analysis of the massive amount of literature pertaining to the improvement of professional instruction in dental education resulted in the formation of a comprehensive model of 10 categories, including Delphi technique; systems approach; agencies; workshops; multi-media, self-instruction; evaluation paradigms, measurement, courses, and…

Applying attribution theory principles to evaluation of educational programs, the effects of training for social service employees were evaluated by trainees, training instructors, and agency supervisors. Findings confirmed a concept of attribution theory: trainees and instructors tended to have similar responses, while agency supervisor responses…

The relationship is investigated between teacher attitudes, role specific self-concept, and moral judgment in beginning teacher candidates; the differences in the above areas between elementary and secondary candidates; and differences between rankings of ideal teacher role descriptors by those who showed different levels of principled thinking.…

Significant difference in the types of activities planned and implemented in the development and culmination phases of lessons were found. Also, elementary and secondary student teachers differed significantly in the types of activities planned and implemented in the developmental phase of lessons. (Author/RL)

Using satisfaction data collected from students enrolled in a professional program, the present study attempts to derive dimensions of student satisfaction with educational programs and experiences as well as to test for relationships between student background characteristics and the dimensions of satisfaction. Student-graduate program match is…