NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
50 Years of ERIC
50 Years of ERIC
The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) is celebrating its 50th Birthday! First opened on May 15th, 1964 ERIC continues the long tradition of ongoing innovation and enhancement.

Learn more about the history of ERIC here. PDF icon

Back to results
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
ERIC Number: EJ446635
Record Type: CIJE
Publication Date: 1992
Pages: N/A
Abstractor: N/A
Reference Count: 0
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0002-8312
Reconsidering the Power of the Superintendent in the Progressive Period.
Thomas, William B.; Moran, Kevin J.
American Educational Research Journal, v29 n1 p22-50 Spr 1992
To test R. E. Callahan's (1962) theory about superintendents' vulnerability to interest groups, the career of E. C. Hartwell is examined. Hartwell's career in three cities (1914-22) demonstrates the power that a superintendent could acquire and wield. (SLD)
Descriptors: Administrator Role, Career Ladders, Educational Change, Educational History, Elementary Secondary Education, Power Structure, Professional Autonomy, Progressive Education, Public Opinion, Public Schools, Superintendents, Urban Schools
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Historical Materials; Opinion Papers
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Michigan (Sault Sainte Marie); Minnesota (Saint Paul); New York (Buffalo); Vulnerability